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Adult Health Nursing
PHARM MEL
| Question | Answer | Answer | Answer | Answer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antiemetic KYTRIL/granisetron | SE- headache,diarrhea, mild changes in blood pressure ache, constipation | NI-Administer dose over five-minute period, beginning 30 minutes before chemotherapy | ||
| Antiemetic REGLAN/metoclopramide | SE- drowsiness, extrapyramidal reaction, restlessness, dysrhythmias, anxiety | NI-administer IV dose 30 minutes before administration of chemotherapeutic agent also before meals and at bedtime | ||
| Antihistamine/antiemetic and sedation purposes BENADRYL/diphenhydramine | SE- drowsiness, dry mouth | NI-anticholinergic effect; used as an antiemetic | ||
| Antiemetic ZOFRAN/ondansetron | SE- Headache, diarrhea, constipation abdominal pain, aspirate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase | NI-to intervene as dose 30 minutes before chemotherapy; give 8 MG PO before chemo and 3 times a day for 2 days | ||
| Antiemetic COMPAZINE/prochlorperazine | SE- extrapyramidal symptoms, orthostatic hypotension, ocular changes, dry mouth, constipation, urine retention, photosensitivity | NI-use cautiously w/ other CNS depressants, medications that decrease blood pressure, as well as patients with liver disease decrease dose in older adults, do not exceed recommended dose, protect from light | ||
| NOVADEX=TAMOXIFEN | BLOCKS ESTROGEN RECEPTORS ON TUMOR CELLS | NEED ER+ TUMOR TO BE EFFECTIVE | Limited mostly to reproductive cancers; breast, prostate, uterine | SE- Vaginal bleeding, hot flashes, rash, hypercalcemia, peripheral edema |
| NEUPOGEN | BRM | Mechanisms that increase, restore, or modify host defenses against the tumor | ||
| ERYTHROPOETIN | BRM | Mechanisms that increase, restore, or host defenses against the tumor | From kidneys stimulates RBCs | |
| INTERLEUKEN | TOXIC TO TUMORS | |||
| IL-2 | TOXIC TO TUMORS | Blasts tumors | ||
| BCG=BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN VACCINE | TOXIC TO TUMORS | |||
| INTERFERON= ALPHA, BETA, & GAMMA | MODIFY TUMOR BIOLOGY | |||
| Opioid analgesic ROXANOL/ morphine | SE's-decreased respiratory rate, euphoria, seizures, physical dependence, hypotension, bradycardia, miosis, drowsiness, dizziness, urinary retention, constipation, rash GIVE BUCCAL RTE | LIQUID MORPHINE | ||
| FENTANYL/DURAGESIC PATCH | ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN | |||
| Benzodiazepine Versed/ midazolam; Valium/diazepam; Ativan/lorazepam | Actions - decreases anxiety and produces sedation, induces amnesia | NI-monitor for respiratory depression, hypotension, drowsiness, lack of coordination, dry mouth | Safety - rails up/bed low | |
| Opioid analgesics morphine/morphine;sublimaze/fentanyl citrate; Dilaudid/Marporidine | Actions - decreases anxiety, allows decreased anesthesics | NI-Narcan on hand in case, monitor for respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting orthostatic hypertension, pruritus | ||
| H2 receptors -antagonists Pepcid/famotidine; Zantac/ranitidine; tagamet/cimetidine | Actions - reduces gastric acid volume and concentration | NI-monitor for confusion and dizziness in older adults | ||
| Antiemetics Reglan drug/metoclopramide; INAPSINE/DROPERIDOL; Zofran/ondansetron (5 HT 3) | Actions - Enhances gastric emptying, prevents postoperative N&V, tranquilizer | NI-monitor for sedation extrapyramidal reaction | (Involuntary movement, muscle tone change, abnormal posture) | Instruct patient to report difficulty breathing |
| Anticholinergic atropine sulfate; Robinul/Glycopyrrolate | A.k.a. parasympathetic, speeds things up | Actions - reduces oral and respiratory secretions to decrease risk of aspiration decreases vomiting and laryngospasms | NI-monitor for confusion, restlessness, and tachycardia prepare patient to expect dry mouth | |
| Antibiotics Ancef/Cefazolin; Claforan/Cefotaxime Sodium; Rocephin/ceftriaxone | Actions - minimizes risk of wound infection bactericidal as preoperative prophylaxis | NI- monitor S & S of superinfection, including abdominal pain, moderate to severe diarrhea, severe anal or genital pruritus, and severe mouth soreness | ||
| Adrenocortical steroid: Depo-Medrol;Solu-Medrol | Actions - decreases inflammation | NI-determine whether patient has diabetes mellitus to anticipate further increase in antidiabetic drug regimen because of raised blood glucose level | Determine whether patient as hypersensitivity to drug | |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Toradol/Ketorolac, Motrin, naproxen | Actions - reduces intensity of pain and inflammation | NI-assess the duration, location, onset, and type of pain the patient is having, evaluate patient for therapeutic response | ||
| Anticoagulants Lovenox/Enoxaprin | Actions - prevents platelets from forming | Actions - prevents new clot formation or secondary embolic complications, produces anticoagulation | NI-bleeding precautions, tell the patient not to take aspirin or similar over-the-counter drugs, do not give IM, but subQ | |
| Heparin sodium | NI-crosscheck heparin dose with another nurse before administering | NI-assess patient gums for erythema & gingival bleeding scan for bruises or petechiae | NI-use constant rate IV infusion pump | NI-monitor the patient's partial thromboplastin time diligently |
| Warfarin sodium/Coumadin | NI-observe patient for evidence of hemorrhage such as abdominal and back pain decreased blood pressure, increased pulse rate, and severe headache | NI-do not drink alcohol or make any drastic dietary changes, if they have or spools bleeding; Brown, dark, or red urine ; notify physician | ||
| Thrombolytics | Destroys clot, clot buster, dissolves clot, four-hour window after stroke | |||
| RBC | 4.5-5,000,000 | |||
| WBC | 4-11,000 | |||
| Platelet | 150,000-450,000 | |||
| HGB(hemoglobin) | W -12-16 | |||
| HC(HEMATOCRIT % OF BLOOD) | 35% -46% | |||
| BUN(blood uria nitrogen) | 10-20 | Electrolytes | ||
| K +(potassium) | 3.5-5.0 mEq/L | Electrolytes | ||
| CR(creatine) | .5-1.5 | Electrolytes | ||
| NA(sodium) | 135-145 mEq/L | Electrolytes | ||
| Antidiarrheal Lomotil/Dipenoxylate w/Atropine | SE - sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, urinary retention, rash | NI- watch for physical dependence, it should work within 48 hours, give naloxone as antidote for respiratory depression | ||
| Opioid Analgesic; Dilaudid/Hydromorphone | -decreased respiratory, euphoria, seizures, physical dependence, hypotension, bradycardia, drowsiness, dizziness, urinary retention, constipation, rash, miosis | NI-usually cautious with other CNS depressants, monitor respirations, heart rate, and mental status closely | NI-Have naloxone available as antidote, do not give sustained release tablets for acute pain Delighted - HP(10 MG/ML) available for chronic pain | |
| NSAIDs naproxen/Anaprox, naprosyn | SE - agranulocytosis, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, peripheral edema, visual disturbances | SE - G.I. upset;(Occult blood loss and peptic ulcer) prolonged bleeding time, tinnitus | NI- concurrent use of alcohol, acetylsalicylic acid, and steroids increases chance of G.I. bleed, give with food |
Created by:
diamondgirljaz
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