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Human Development
flash cards
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Continuity | Continual progression from beginning of life to end |
Discontinuity | Growth occurring in identifiable stages each with distinct problems and characteristics |
Independent variables | Variables can be changed independently of other factors "cause" |
Dependent variables | this depends on what happens to subjects in the experiment "effect" |
Longitudinal | Studying the same individuals over a long period of time |
Cross Sectional | Comparison of people at various ages |
Cross Sequential | Combination of longitudinal and cross sectional designs starts with cross with individual of different ages then over time same individual tested again. |
Correlation | a mathematical statistic indicates whether 2 variables are related to each other. |
Positive Correlation | one variable changes in same direction as the other. |
Negative Correlation | 2 variables are inversely related, when one goes up the other goes down. |
Causation | When change in one variable cause change in another. |
Cohort effect | Change due to subject times of birth or generation but not actually to age. |
Psychoanalytical theory | Interprets human behavior and development in terms of intrinsic drives and motives many are unconcious |
Reinforcement | Term used in operant condition to explain anything that increases behavior. |
Punishment | Term used in operant condition to explain anything that decreases behavior. |
ZPD Zone of Proximal Development | Range of skills can be used without assistance vs questions can be obtained with help. |