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Mus/skel Disease II
Patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| involves chronic inflammation of bilateral jts and surrounding structures; multiple jts usually involved | RA |
| remissions and exacerbation occur | RA |
| what is the etiology of RA (rheumatoid arthritis)? | unknown but maybe autoimmune |
| in RA the body produces autoantibodies against ____ for an unknown reason | IgG |
| what forms the immune complexes of RA? | rheumatoid factor + IgG |
| what causes the chronic inflammation and destruction of articular cartilage ad surrounding structure in RA? | the continuous immune complexes within the jt cavity |
| pannus | granulation tissue that forms in the synovial membrane |
| when the pannus (in RA) extended from the synovial membrane to the bone _______ occurs | bone deestruction |
| jt immobility secondary to an underlying cause | fibrous adhensions and bony ankylosis |
| hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal jts with flexion of the distal interphalangeal jts | Swan Neck- RA |
| flexion of the PIP jt and hyperflexion of the DIP | Boutonniere deformities- RA |
| enlargement of hte bursa of the knee; usually does not cuase s/s until it ruptures | Baker's Cyst- RA |
| systematic connective tissue disease | RA |
| alopecia | hair loss |
| the s/s of SLE depends of ____ | organ location |
| chronic inflammation, rheumatic, autoimmune disease | SLE- Systemic Lupus Erythematous |
| in SLE (lupus) the body produces autoanitbodies against _____ | DNA secondary to the hyperactivity of the B cells |
| butterfly rash | red red red face (blush all over face) very hard to cover |
| chronic autoimmune, connective tissue disorder involving the skin and other organs | Systemic Sclerosis- Scleraderma |
| overproduction of collagen leads to fibrosis and inflammation resulting in damage to affected areas | Scleraderma |
| Calcinosis | Ca deposits on the skin- Scleraderma |
| Raynaud's phenonemon | spasms of vessles in response to cold or stress- Scleraderma |
| Esophagel dysfunction | acid reflux and < in motility of esophagus- Scleraderma |
| Sclerodiactyly | thickening and tightening of the skin in on the fingers and hands- Scleraderma |
| Telanglectasias | diflation of capillaries causing red marks on the surface of the skin- Scleraderma |
| s/s of Scleraderma | CREST: Calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, Esophagel dysfunction, sclerodiactyly, and telanglectasias |
| polyarthralgia | many joint pain |
| dysphagia | difficulting swallowing |
| BUN | the concentration of nitrogen in the form of urea in the blood |
| UA | the presence of proteinuria=excess protein in the urine |
| what is some TX options for Raynaud's? | avoid cold, wear gloves, no smoking, watch for skin breakdowns and use lotions |
| chronic, systematic inflammatory disease of the jts of the axial skeleton | Anklosing spondylitis |
| anklosing spondylitis begins in the ____ jts | sacroiliac jts |
| what do the vertebrae look like in anklosing spondylitis? | square |
| the spine looks straw-like/bamboo-like in an xray | Anklosing spondylitis |
| uveitis | inflammation of the uvea of the eye----s/s of Anklosing spondylitis |
| fusion of inflamed vertebra | ankylosis-spondylitis |
| what is the marker for anklosing spondylitis? | HLA-B27 |
| obseity is a risk factor for which arthitis? | Osteoarthritis |
| progressive loss of articular cartilage and synovitis resulting from inflammation caused by the attempts of the bone to remold itself, creating osteophtes or spurs | osteroarthritis |
| sound of bones rubbing together b/c of loss of padding | crepitus |
| crystal deposits in the jts | crystal-induced arthropathies |
| includes acute goudy arthritis with recurrent attacks of inflammation, tophi or the accumulation of crystalline deposits in articular surfaces, bones, soft tissue, and cartilage, gouty nephropathy or renal impairment, and uric acid kidney stones | gout |
| gout is primarly seen in ___ | men |
| elevated serum uric acid levels r/t either in overproduction or an under excretion of uric acid | gout |
| how can you tell is the elevated serum uric acid levels are caused by an overproduction or an under excretion? | overproduction will show high levels of uric acid in urine where as overexcretion will have a low level of uric acid b/c of the under excretion |
| crystals are deposited where and what does this do? (gout) | in the hands and feet (periphery)----this initiates the inflammatory process |
| large hard nodules with irregular surfaces made of crystals | tophi (common place: big toe) |
| what are some big triggers of gout? | shrimp, crawfish, alcohol |
| purines come from __. ____ is a break down of purines. | proteins....uric acid |
Created by:
TayBay15
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