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AP MOD. II-Urinary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
urethra | passage of urine from bladder to exterior of body |
micturition | urination or voiding |
urge incontinence | associated with smooth muscle overactivity in the bladder wall |
urinary retention | urine produced but not voided |
urinary suppression | no urine produced but bladder is normal |
urinary incontinence | (enuresis)-urine is voided involuntarily |
stress incontinence | associated with weakened pelvic floor muscles |
overflow incontinence | associated with urinary retention and overdistended bladder |
nocturnal enuresis | nighttime bed wetting |
neurogenic bladder | periodic but unpredictable voiding |
ADH | promotes water reabsorption, reduces urinary volume |
aldosterone | promotes sodium and water reabsorption, reduces urinary volume |
ANH | promotes loss of sodium and water into kidney tubules, increases urine volume |
hydronephrosis | enlargement of renal pelvis and calyces |
renal calculi | (kidney stones)-mineral chunks in renal pelvis of calyces, may block ureters |
renal colic | intense kidney pain |
urinary tract infections | (UTIs)-caused by gram-negative bacteria |
urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
cystitis | inflammation or infection of the urinary bladder |
pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and connective tissues of the kidney |
proteinuria | protein in the urine |
hypoalbuminemia | low plasma protein caused by loss of proteins to urine |
edema | tissue swelling, resulting from hypoalbuminemia |
acute glomerulonephritis | caused by delayed immune response to a strep infection |
chronic glomerulonephritis | a slow inflammatory conditioncaused by immune mechanisms |
acute renal failure | abrupt reduction in kidney function, usually reversible |
chronic renal failure | slow, progressive loss of nephrons |
polycystic kidney disease | (PKD)-heridary condition of numerous fluid-filled cysts that destroy kidney tissue |
renal insufficiency | loss of kidney function resulting in uremia |
uremic syndrome | complete kidney failure |