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AP MOD. II-Genetics

TermDefinition
gene segment of a chromosome that contains gentic code
genome entire set of human chromosomes
autosomes twenty-two pairs of chromosomes
sex chromosomes the 23rd pair of chromosomes
dominant genes have effects that appear in the offspring
recessive genes have effects that do not appear in offspring-masked by dominant gene
genetic carrier person who carries a recessive gene
X chromosome "female chromosome"
Y chromosome "male chromosome"
genetic mutations result in abnormalities in genetic code that cause disease
single-gene disease disease caused by individual mutant gene or groups of genes
chromosomal diseases diseases resulting from chromosome breakage or nondisjunction
trisomy a chromosome triplet
monosomy a single chromosome
cystic fibrosis single-gene disease characterized by excessive secretion of mucous and sweat
phenylketonuria (PKU)-single-gene disease characterized by excessive phenylketone in urine
Tay-Sachs disease (TSD)-single-gene recessive condition involving failure to make essential lipid enzyme
Down syndrome chromosomal disease caused by trisomy of chromosome 21
Klinefelter syndrome chromosomal disease caused by presence of two or more X chromosomes in males (trisomy XXY)
Turner syndrome chromosomal disease-caused by monosomy of X chromosome
pedigree chart illustrating genetic relationships over several generations
Punnett square grid used to determine the probability of inheriting genetic traits
karotype arrangement of chromosome photographs used to detect abnormalities
amniocentesis karotype-collection of fetal cells floating in amniotic fluid
chorionic villus sampling karotype-involves collection of embryonic cells from outside chorionic tissue
Created by: ddoyon
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