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GowAntidiabeticDrugs
FundII chapter 49
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Cause of Diabetes Mellitus | insufficient insulin production or celluar resistance to insulin |
Signs/Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus | polydipsia, polyphasia, polyuria |
Type 1 | need insulin |
Type II | diet,exercise, oral antidiabetic medication |
What are normal BS limits? | 60-120 |
Action of Insulin | activates a process that helps glucose molecules enter the cells of the striated muscles and adipose |
Onset of REGULAR insulin | 30-60 minutes |
Peak | 2-2 1/2 hours |
Duration | 4 hours |
Hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
Causes of hypoglycemia | too little food, too much insulin, or extra exercise |
Symptoms of hypoglycemia | shaking, sweating, anxious, dizziness, abdominal pain |
Symptoms of hyperglycemia | extreme thirst, frequent urination, dry skin, hunger, blurred vision, drowsiness, and nausea |
How often do you check a new diabetic of insulin reaction | every 2 hours |
If glucose is over _____,report to MD | 400 |
How insulin is given | Subcutaneous |
How is insulin stored | cool, dry enviroment |
Why do you rotate sites? | prevent lipodystrophy |
How do you treat hypoglycemia | OJ, candy, protien after |
What do you want to make sure is present? | gag reflex |
Diabetic ketoacidosis | resp failure, kidney failure, fruity smell, unconscious, increased urine output |
How to treat ketoacidosis | fluids |
Sulfonylureas | stimulate the beta-pancreatic cells to produce insulin |
When are oral diabetic agents given | used to tx pts with type 2 diabetes that is not controlled by diet or excersise alone. |
New diabetics should avoid | Alcohol, dieting, stenous exercise Moderation is key. |