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Stroke
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What percent of stroke survivors regain functional independence? | 50-70% |
| Who are at the biggest risk for a stroke? | African Americans |
| What is the cause for most elderly disabilities? | Stroke |
| Which gender is stroke more prevalent? | female |
| What causes a hemorrhagic stroke? | aneurysms, AVMs and HTN bleeds |
| What are S/S of stroke? | sudden vision loss, weakness in arm, face, leg, difficulty speaking, understanding, confusion, trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance, severe HA |
| What are the effects of a left-sided stroke? | right side of body and left side of face affected with speech/memory problems, slow cautious behavior |
| What are the affects of a right-sided stroke? | right facial involvement, left body, memory loss, quick impulsive behavior, and vision problems |
| What is dysarthia? | difficulty forming clear speech |
| What are the different types of aphasia? | expressive, cannot express what they want to say and recepetive, cannot understand what is being said to them, anomia, difficulty naming objects |
| What is another name for expressive aphasia? | Brocas |
| What is another name for receptive aphasia? | Wernickies |
| What is global aphasia? | extreme impaired communication, difficulty understanding and speaking language, may only get 1-2 words out |
| What is the popular acronym for strokes? | FAST, Facial droop, arm drift, speech and time |
| What is the main thing for an ischemic stroke? | TPA |
| What is the time frame for TPA? | within 3 hours |
| How does TPA work? | Convert plasminogen to plasmin which breaks down fibrinogen and fibrin |
| What is the dose for TPA? | 0.9mg/kg, not to exceed 90mg, 10% as IV bolus and rest over 1 hr |
| What are other tx for ischemic stroke? | anticoagulants, carotid endarterectomy, angioplasty; stents |
| What can be done for cerebral aneurysms? | endovascular coiling |
| What is the leading cause of death in an acute stroke? | Aspiration, 50% of pts with dysphasia will stoke |
| What are aspiration precautions? | NPO until swallow eval, HOB 30 degrees, Speech therapy, observe for drooling, decreased LOC, coughing with eating or drinking, spike in temp and WBCs |
| Why are stroke pts at risk for DVT? | flaccid limbs=venous stasis |
| What are one of the main complications of stroke patients post-stroke? | depression |
| How long do stroke pts stay in rehab? | 3 weeks |
| How are strokes prevented? | not smoking, control HTN and cholesterol, a-fib, DM and ETOH use |
| What is the ideal cholesterol level? | LDL <100 |
| What is the goal BMI? | 18.5-24.5 |
| Who is ineligible for TPA? | Those who have had recent surgery, are on long term anticoagulants for A-fib, are outside of 3h window, or who have failed previous TPA therapy |
| Where does a DVT travel when patient has a PFO vrs not? | PFO-clot travels to brain and not-DVT become PE |
| When should door to needle take place? | <60 mins |
Created by:
brebre273
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