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cardiac enzymes

QuestionAnswer
CK-MB (careatine kinase, mycocardial muscle) nl- 0-5% of total; total CK is 26 to 174 units/l, elevation indicates myocardial damage. Eleveation occurs w/in 4-6 hours;peaks 18-24 hrs following acute ischemia attach
LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) nl 140-280 iu/l, elevation occurs 24 hrs following MI & peak in 48-72 hrs. Normally LDH1 is lower than LDH2;when LDH1 is higher than LDH2 the pattern is "flipped" signifiying myocardial necrosis
myoglobin nl results range 0-85ng/ml, O2 binding protein found in cardiac & skeletal muscle Lvls rise w/in 1hr.peaks 4-6 (1st Indicator) returns to nl 24/36 hrs.
CBC RBC, WBC, HCT & HGB
Elevated RBC in conditions characterized by inadequate tissue oxygenation
Elevated WBC needed to dispose of necrotic tissue
Low HGB & HCT indicates anemia
Elevated Coagulation Factors can occur during and after MI, place pt at greater risk of thrombophlebitis & the extension of clots in the coronary arteries
Serum Lipids used to assess the risk of developing CAD measures serum chol, trigs, lipoprotein levels
cholesterol level under 200
LDL less than 130 "lethal" cholesterol
HDL 30-70 healthy cholesterol
lipoprotein-a (lp(a)) modified form of LDL that elevated athersclerotic plaques & elevated clot formation should be less than 30 mg/dl
homocysteine nl less than 14 mmol/dl, an amino acid produced by the body after eating meat, elevated lvls cause atherosclerosis & excessive blood clotting
C-reactive protein (CRP) less than 1 low risk higher than 3 risk for heart dz, detects an inflammatory process associated with the development of atherothrombosis
B-type natriuretic peptide (BMP) nl <100 pg/ml released in response to atrial & ventricular stretch marker for CHF
Created by: srose
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