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Vital Signs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the six vital signs? | Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, O2 saturation, and Pain |
| Heat produced - Heat Lost = ? | Body Temperature |
| Lowest Temperature occurs at | 6AM |
| Highest temperature occurs at | 4PM |
| Temperature during ovulation does what? | Raises |
| What hormone controls body temperature? | Hypothalamus |
| Widening of blood vessels | Vasodilation |
| Narrowing of blood vessels | Vasoconstriction |
| Rate at which body uses energy while at rest to keep vital functions going | Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
| Heatloss without physical contact | Radiation |
| Heatloss with direct contact(tepid water) | Conduction |
| Heatloss with air movement | Convection |
| Heatloss involving change of liquid to gas (sweating, fogging up window) | Evaporation |
| What hormones influences BMR? | Thyroid hormone and Epinephrine/Norepinephrine |
| What causes shivering? | Vasoconstriction |
| What is diaphoresis? | Excess sweating |
| T/F Newborns and older adults lose heat easily | True |
| T/F Exercise increases temp | True |
| Circadian rhythm, stress, environment, fluid intake, infection, age | Factors that influence Temperature |
| Fever caused by pyrogens | Hyperpyrexia |
| Normal temperature level that is not harmful | 102.2 F and below 104 in children |
| Pyrexia/ Febrile | Fever |
| Fever effects? | Metabolism increases O2 increases Water loss |
| Heat stroke; hot dry skin; can't sweat; heat exhaustion | hypErthermia |
| frostbite/ extreme chill | HypOthermia |
| Indirect measure of cardiac output | Pulse |
| Stroke Volume | 70 ml |
| Cardiac output = | Stroke volume X Pulse |
| What system is pulse influenced by? | Autonomic Nervous system |
| Parasymmpathetic causes heart rate to | decrease |
| sympathetic causes heart reat to | increase |
| +3 Pulse | Bounding |
| +2 Pulse | Regular |
| +1 Pulse | Weak |
| 0 | No pulse |
| Bradycardia Pulse | <60bpm |
| Tachycardia Pulse | >100bpm |
| Early/Late Beat | Dysrhythmia |
| Difference between radial and apical pulse | Pulse deficit |
| How long is the apical pulse felt for? | 1 full minute |
| Where is the apical pulse located? | 4-5 Intercostal space, left sternal border |
| Constant body temperature continuously above 100.4F - little fluctuation | Sustained |
| Fever spikes mixed with usual temperature leves; temp returns to acceptable value at least ONCE in 24 hours | Intermittent |
| Fever spikes and falls without a return to acceptable temp levels | Remittent |
| Periods of fever episodes mixed with acceptable temp values, sometimes longer than 24 hours | Relapsing |
| 120 -160 BPM | Infant Heart Rate |
| 90 -140 BPM | Toddler Heart Rate |
| 80-110 BPM | Preschooler heart rate |
| 75-100 BPM | School-ager heart rate |
| 60-90 | Adolescent Heart rate |
| 60-100 | Adult Heart rate |
| Ventricle Contraction | Systole |
| Ventricle Relaxtion | Diastole |
| Difference of systolice and diastolice pressure | Pulse Pressure |
| BP cuff too small | high reading |
| BP cuff too big | Low reading |
| Regular Respiration Rate | 12 - 20 Breaths/min |
| Distribution of red blood cells to and from pulmonary capillaries | Perfusion |
| Normal relaxed breathing | Eupnea |
| Normal SPO2 | 90% ^ |
| When assessing Respirations document; | Rate, Rhythm, Depth |
| Levels of ____ in arterial blood normally regulate ventilation | CO2 |
| Lack of breathing | Apnea |
| Respiratory rate <12 | Bradypnea |
| Respiratory rate >20 | Tachypnea |
| Force exerted on walls of artery | Blood Pressure |
| Cardiac Output X peripheral vascular resistance = | Blood Pressure |
| Stroke Volume x Heart Rate = | Pulse Pressure |
| Analgesics ___ BP | Lower |
| How many ml produced in cardiac output | 60-70ml |
| Reduces elasticity | Artiereolsclerosis |
| Thickness of blood | Hematocrit |
| Usual blood volume | 5000 ml |
| Hypertension | High Blood Pressure |
| Hypotension | Low Blood pressure |
| Orthostatic Hypotension | Reduction of systolic pressure by 20 mmHg or diastolic of 10 mmHg |
| Fever symptoms? | Increased body temp, dry warm skin, chills, feeling of malaise, tachycardia |
Created by:
mmcphail
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