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Peds Final CCC PN105

QuestionAnswer
expressive language delay points and can understand speaking, but does not speak
preschooler slowing growth process, mastery of motor-social-cognitive abilities, cooperative play, symbolic functioning, egocentrism, animism, artificialism, centeringim, imitation of parents
toddler vital signs 20/40 vision by 3, 20/30 by 4, 20/20 by school age; all 20 primary teeth by 3; pulse 90-110; respirations 20/min; BP 85-90/60
mental retardation developmental disability characterized by mental and physical impairment with IQ below 75 and deficit in adaptive behavior
school age sleep requirements 10-13 hrs
latchkjey children subject to higher rate of accidents and at risk for feeling isolated and alone
Erickson infancy trust/mistrust
Erickson toddler autonomy/shame
Erickson preschooler initative/guilt
Erickson school age industry/inferiority
Erickson adoleschnce identiy/role diffusion
daydreaming benefits helps fill lonliness void; valuable safety valve for expression of strong feelings
adolescent safety hazards PACE (parents/peers/pot, alcohol/autos, cigarettes, education); substance abuse, depression, pregnancy
acne inflammation of sebaceous glands and ahir follicles; influenced by hormones; enlarge at puberty; can be brief or long lasting
sources of zinc red meat, poultry, beans, nuts, whole grains, fortified cereal, dairy products
otitis externa acute infection of external ear canal (swimmers ear) due to prolonged moisture exposure; pain and tenderness on manipulation of pinna
acute otitis media inflammation of middle ear; usually caused by URI and most commong between 6-24mos age and early childhood; infants more prone due to eustachian tubes shorter, wider, and straighter; severe pain, irritability, and diminshed hearing common
typanostomy care avoid getting water in ears
communication in toddlers language parallel to cognitive growth; first words at 1yr; 900 words by age 3; refer to animals by sound it makes; respond to vocal tone and facial expression; empathy minimizes toddler frustrations
strabismus cross-eyes; child cannot direct both eyes toward same object, lack of coordination between eye muscles; corrected with glasses or cover unaffected eye with patch until old enough for glasses; surgery at age 3-4 if necessary
amblyopia lazy eye; reduction or loss in vision in children who favor one eye; earlier treatment is essential; strabismus is most common type; glasses and patched unaffected eye to treat
hyphema blood in anterior chamber of eye; most common occular injury; bright red or dark spot in front of lower iris; rest and topical medication to treat
seizures generalized/tonic-clonic/grand mal; absence/petit mal; partial/complex partial; atonic/drop attacks
meningitis inflammation of meninges covering brain and spinal cord; peak of bacterial between 6-12mos, less common over 4yrs; preceeded by URI and GI symptoms; severe headache, stiffness of neck, drowsiness, delirium, irritability, restlessness, fever, vomiting
meningitis treatment spinal tap to diagnose; isolation until 24h after antibiotics initiated; antibiotics given 10-14 days with anticonvulsant (Dilantin)
fontanelles soft spots on infant cranium that protect head during delivery and allow for brain growth
anterior fontanelle diamond shaped, closes 12-18mos
posterior fontanelle triangle shaped, closes by 2mos
decorticate posture flexor posturing; arms, wrists, and fingers are flexed like praying, toes pointed like ballerina - severe brain injury
decerebrate posture extensor posturing; all limbs are extended and hands are pronated - brainstem injury
Created by: cmp12345
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