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lpn pharm test #3

pharm

QuestionAnswer
Analeptics uses name action side effects interventions special stuff AntiNarcoleptic Provigil Increases resp. depth Depression, Amnesia Monitor resp rate and patter Teach patient to record sleepiness and narcoleptic instances
amphetamines uses name action side effects interventions special stuff add/adhd adderall unknown tachycardia, anorexia, N/V Give 30-45 minutes before breakfast, monitor effectiveness Teach stimulant avoidance, teach addiction effects
anorexiants uses name action side effects interventions special stuff weight loss didrex works on hypothalamus (appetite center) tachycardia, insomnia, nervousness assess effectiveness, monitor effectiveness and nervousness teach stimulant avoidance, teach about addiction
Adrenergic uses name action side effects interventions special stuff anaphylaxis ephinephrine (epi-pen) stimulates sympathetic nerves to divert blood to vital organs increased hr, glucose. HTN, vasoconstriction Monitor vs monitor for shock, teach to call 911 after self use
direct acting cholinergics uses name action side effects interventions special stuff Neurogenic bladder/urinary retention duvoid/bethanechol causes bladders smooth muscles to contract urgency, abd discomfort monitor retention, monitor bp, pulse, and I & O's Monitor for cholinergic crisis (weakness, severe cramps, jaw clench) teach i
indirect acting muscle stimulants uses name action side effects interventions special stuff myashtenia gravis Tensilon/edrophonium Prolongs acetylcholine activity increased bronchial secretions, arrhythmias, urinary frequency assess neuro function, assess for weakness monitor for effectiveness, teach s/s of disease
cholinergic blocking uses name action side effects interventions special stuff atropine blocks the action of acetylcholine in the PNS urinary hesitancy, dry mouth, tachycardia monitor s/s of condition and VS teach side effects such as:photophobia and drowsiness
cholinesterase inhibitors uses name action side effects interventions special stuff treats dementias caused by alzheimers aricept/donepezil namenda/memantine Increases acetylcholine by inhibiting its breakdown anorexia n/v/d, dizziness, ha assess preadmin. for aao/cog. reg. assess for mental and physical dont use w/cognex (liver)/r
dopaminergics uses name action side effects interventions special stuff s/s parkinsons sinement (carbidopa/levedopa) supplements dopamine in the brain muscle twitching, dry mouth, dysphagia, HA,dizziness assess med. effectiveness contra:glaucoma, maoi, antacids increase levedopa effect
anticholinergics uses name action side effects interventions special stuff tx s/s parkinsons benadryl blocks excess acetylcholine nervousness, urinary retention assess for nervousness and retention contra: glaucoma, ulcers, bph, myasthenia gravis
COMT inhibitors uses name action side effects interventions special stuff tx s/s parkinsons comtan/entacapone prolongs effects of levadopa dizziness, n/v/d, anorexia assess for: inc. HR, arrhythmias, HTN, dec. liver/renal function causes liver failure if taken with tasmar
Dopamine receptor agonists uses name action side effects interventions special stuff RLS mimics effects of dopamine in the brain N/V dizziness, hallucinations, confusion assess for mental state <3 disease, renal impairment teach client safety r/t orthostatic hypotension
anticonvulsants uses name action side effects interventions special stuff prevent seizures dilantin/phenytoin depakote/valproic acid klonopin/clanazepam depress abnormal nerve impulses in the cns nystagmus somnambulance, drowsy, gingival hyperplasia weakness monitor cbc and serum levels, teach oral hygiene: gingival hyperp
bone reabsorption inhibitors (bisphosphonates) uses name action side effects interventions special stuff osteoporosis inhibits bone reabsorption (osteoclasts) bone pain, dyspepsia, acid reflux give on empty stomache and sit upright for 30 minutes
uric acid inhibitors uses name action side effects interventions special stuff gout! allopurinol (zyloprim) inhibits over production of uric acid GI reactions, HA, urinary frequency monitor cbc,serum uric acid, I&O's, hepatic and renal function
skeletal muscle relaxants uses name action side effects interventions special stuff relaxes muscle spasms cyclobenzaprine/flexeril not known drowsines,somnambulance, blurred vision, dry mouth assist with ambulation, assess for relief contra:CVA, seizures, pregnancy, cerebral palsy,parkinsons
rapid-acting insulin uses name action side effects interventions special stuff diabetes humulin R lowers glucose level/inhibits glucose production in liver hypoglycemia monitor glucose, hypoglycemia, ensure client eats ONLY insulin used IV. teach storage and needle disposal
intermediate acting insulin uses name action side effects interventions special stuff diabetes nph lowers glucose level/inhibits glucose production in liver hypoglycemia monitor glucose, hypoglycemia, ensure client eats proper admin and diet, storage, needle disposal
long acting insulin uses name action side effects interventions special stuff diabetes lantus lowers glucose level/inhibits glucose production in liver hypoglycemia monitor glucose, hypoglycemia, ensure client eats teach storage and needle disposal, diet
mixed insulin uses name action side effects interventions special stuff diabetes humulin 70/30 lowers glucose level/inhibits glucose production in liver hypoglycemia/hypmagnesemia monitor glucose, hypoglycemia, ensure client eats teach diet, storage and needle disposal
oral diabetic drugs uses name action side effects interventions special stuff diabetes glucotrol/glipizide rosiglitazone/avandia stimulates pancreas to release insulin hypoglycemia monitor glucose, hypoglycemia, ensure client eats teach proper diet, not effective in type 1 diabetes
glucose elevating uses name action side effects interventions special stuff antihypoglycemic glucagon (emergency kit) stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose by the liver hypotension, hyperglycemia monitor glucose, LOC, s/s of hypoglycemia decrease k lab values, only for emergencies, teach how to use and recognize the s
posterior pituitary hormone (ADH) uses name action side effects interventions special stuff diabetes insepidus vasopressin (ADH) secreted to conserve body fluid bradycardia, angina, edema monitor BP, Pulse, RR before admin Contra: renal failure, sensitivity to beef or pork
anterior pituitary hormone (HGH) uses name action side effects interventions special stuff promote growth (lacking hormone) somatropin/genotropin replaces deficient growth hormone hypothyroidism, insulin resistance, antibodies =drug resistance assess growth and development, monitor labs 3-7 doses/week SC, monitor GH, glucose,thyroid functi
glucocorticoids uses name action side effects interventions special stuff anti-inflammitory prednisone converted to prednisolone in the liver cushings (buffalo hump,weight gain, moon face) monitor electrolytes, mental status, s/s infections, glucose MANY!!! drug interactions
fludrocortisone uses name action side effects interventions special stuff addisons disease therapy florinef replaces mineralocorticoid deficiency edema, CHF, cardiomegaly, sweating, hypokalemia Monitor: VS before and during, Glucocorticoid levels MANY!!!!!! drug interactions
thyroid hormones uses name action side effects interventions special stuff hypothyroidism levothryoxine (synthroid) increases metabolic rate in tissues palpatations, tachycardia, fatigue, weight loss, N/V/D Monitor VS, assess S/S of hypothyroidism Must be taken on empty stomach, Monitor TSH levels regularly
antithyroid preparations uses name action side effects interventions special stuff Hyperthyroidism methyltestosterone/Tapazole Inhibits the manufacture of hyroid hormones Angranulocytosis, numbness, hair loss, skin rash Assess S/S, VS, Weight, side effects, Monitor for thyroid storm, tachycardia,fever. REPORT RESP. INFECTION STAT!
androgens uses name action side effects interventions special stuff hypogonadism (inoperable breast cancer) androderm/methyltestosterone develops and maintains 2ndary sex organs Males: gynocomastea, testicular atrophy, impotence: Females:Virilization monitor labs, virilization LABS: F&E imbalances
anabolic steroids uses name action side effects interventions special stuff anemia r/t renal insuff. nandrolone promotes tissue building mood swings,libido changes,test. atrophy, virilization, amenorrhea, gynocomastia monitor labs, vs, S/S, side effects Assess for roid rage, severe depression, aggression, monitor liver for t
androgen hormone inhibitor uses name action side effects interventions special stuff BPH dutasteride/avodart inhibits testosterone conversion to DHT impotence, decreased libido monitor: I&O's, urinary patterns, s/s BPH, ABD pain Women should not touch r/t risk for male fetuses
estrogens uses name action side effects interventions special stuff menopause premarin/congugated estrogen maintains female reproductive system bloating,cramps,weight gain, thrombus assess S/S Increase risk DVT
progestins uses name action side effects interventions special stuff Contraceptive medroxy-progersterone (Provera) inhibits ovulation edema, breast tenderness, weight change monitor weight, monitor menstrual changes can be given IM Q3 Months, test for pregancy before IM inj.
combination products uses name action side effects interventions special stuff menopause estrogen/progestin (prempro) female reproduction system/inhibits ovulation Bloating, cramps, weight change, thrombus assess menopause s/s, monitor weight increase risk for DVT
Oxytocic drugs uses name action side effects interventions special stuff start or improve labor oxytocin/pitocin smooth muscles stimulant for contractions arrhythmias, anaphylaxis, pelvic hematoma monitor contractions, BP/pulse, fetus HR might cause fetal bradycardia, uterine rupture
tocolytics uses name action side effects interventions special stuff preterm labor indocin/mg/indomethacin decreases force of contractions flushing, hypotension, flaccid paralysis r/t hypocalemia monitor vs, contractions, S/S or side effects MG contraindicated for eclampsia and w/in 2 hours of delivery
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