Question | Answer |
Transport Media | Stuart and Amies |
Gram positive appearance (color) | Purple |
Gram negative appearance (color) | Pink or red |
Cocci (pleural - coccus) | round bacteria |
Bacilli (plueral - bacillus) | rod shaped bacteria |
strepto | bacteria forming a chain (think a strep/strip thatlooks line a line) |
staphylo | bacteria forming a cluster (think of a staff (staph) of workers that are a group that work together) |
The percentage of all microorganisms that cause disease is_____ | Fewer than 1% of microorganisms are pathogens |
Pathogen | A disease causing microorganism |
Some microorganisms are normally found in the body | True - we have a 'normal flora' of bacteria that help with functions of the body such as digestion. |
POL stands for______________/ | Physician's Office Laboratory |
What bacterial culture cannot be refrigerated after collection? | Gonorrhea culture (agar plate should be body temperature prior to inoculation as well) |
Fungal infections may be determined by________________ | Wet mount (potassium hydroxide - KOH and/or saline solution)smear and slide for microscopic exam and fungal culture |
Spirillum (pleural spirilla) | Spiral shaped bacteria |
Tightly coiled spirilla | Spirochetes |
diplo- | term used to indicated double or two eg. bacteria found in pairs such as diplococcus |
tetrads | groups of four |
sarcinae | packets of eight or sixteen |
anaerobes | bacteria that die in the presence of oxygen |
aerobes | bacteria that require oxygen to live |
facultative anaerobes | bacteria that are flexible concerning oxygen requirements - can survive with or without oxygen |
prokaryotes | a unicellular organism with cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus eg. bacteria |
eukaryote | single celled or multicellular organisms with cells that contain a distince membrane-bound nucleus eg. fungus |
helminths | worms |
Protozoa | single-celled parasitic eukaryotes |
all-purpose or nutritive culture media | supports growth of a wide variety of bacteria |
selective culture media | supports growth of one type of organism while inhibiting the grow of others. |
differential culture media | culture media that contains chemicals or dyes that alter the appearance of certain types of bacteria |
enriched culture media | contains comles organic materials that certain fastidious species must have to multiply eg. blood agar for growth of streptococcus pyogenes |
gram stain chemicals used | primary dye (crystal violet), mordant (grams iodine), decolorizer, counterstain (safranin) |
Acid-fast stain | Used to identify Mycobacterium species (pathogen of TB and MAC a soil organism causing respiratory illness). The process disrupts the waxy cell wall to facilitate staining. AFB = acid fast bacilli |
Ziehl-Neelsen and Kinyoun protocol | Processes of acid-fast staining |
CLIA | Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment passed in 1988 to oversee proper lab procedures |