Question | Answer |
Is Streptococci Gram (+) or (-)? | (+) |
Does Streptococci posses catalase? | NO! |
How do we classify Streptococci? | By hemolysis: Beta, Alpha or Gamma hemolysis in 5% sheep blood. |
What are the defining characteristics of Group A Strep? | Hyaluronic acid Capsule, Fibrils that consist of M-proteins, Peptidoglycan,T and R proteins and Soluble virculence factors |
What are some soluble virulence factors? | Streptokinase,Streptodornase, hyaluronidase, erthyrogenic toxin, NADase, Streptolysins |
S.Pyrogenes causes which diseases? | pharyngitis, scarlet fever, impetigo, cellulitis, endocarditis, RHEUMATIC FEVER, Glumerulonephritis |
What antibodies are used to screen for S. Pyrogenes? | Streptozyme test: ASO, Anti-DNAse B, AHase, anti-NAD
Antistreptolysin O- quantify antibodies to streptolysin O |
What is the presentation of scarlet fever? | "strawberry" tongue |
What treatment do we use for scarlet fever? | Long acting penicillin (10days) to protect against rheumatic fever |
Group B strep causes which diseases? | Septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia |
Group D strep causes which diseases? | UTI, Wounds, sepsis |
what strep causes dental caries? | Viridans strep |
Along with pneumonia, S.Pneumoniae causes what other diseases? | Otitis media, sinusitis |
What are the characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa? | Motile with polar flagella, oxidase positive, obligate aerobe, 42 degrees Celsius, fruity odor colonies |
What virulence factors are associated with P. aeruginosa? | Pili, polysaccharide capsule, endotoxin, Exotoxin A |
What is the function of exotoxin A? | Causes ADP- ribosylation of elongation factor 2 which INHIBTS PROTEIN SYNTHESIS |
What is Acinetobacter? | oxidase negative (aerobic), nonfermentative, non motile,pleomorphic organsim Gram (-), multidrug resistant |
what population is more at risk for infection with acinetobacter? | Soliders |