| Valve Anomally |
Location |
Radiation |
Intensity |
Pitch |
Quality |
Aid |
| Mitral Stenosis | Usually limited to apex | Little or none | Grade 1 to 4 | Low. use bell | OS follows S2 | Bell on apex, pt in LL pos. on exhilation |
| Aortic Stenosis | 2nd RT | neck and L sternal boder, apex | soft but often loud, w/ thrill | medium-high@apex | harsh, musical at apex, diamond shape | pt sitting/leaning fwd |
| Tricuspid Regurgitation | LL sternal border | RT sternum, xiphoid, Lt MCL | Variable | Medium | Blowing, holosystolic | Inspiration |
| Ventricular Septal Defect | 3,4,5th Left | often wide | very loud, w/ thrill | high | often harsh, holosystolic | Lf-Rt hole |
| Mitral regurgitation | apex | Left axilla, Lt sternal boder | soft to loud,apical thrill | medium-high | blowing, holosystolic | Lf Vent-Rt Atrium |
| Aortic regurgitaion | 2-4th left | if loud to apex, Rt sternal boder | grade 1-3 | high, use diaphragm | blowing, decrescendo diastolic | pt sitting/leaning fwd w/ breath held in exhilation |
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mr. charles11
