Question | Answer |
Challenges facing post-colonial India? | Landlessness, Caste issues, Class issues
Linguistic diversity, Ethnic diversity (not part of nation)
Fallout of partition - COMMUNALISM
Legacy of COLONIALISM (de-industrialization, underdevelopment) |
GANDHIAN | Small is beautiful
Self-sufficient villages
Decentralized --village-based democracies –governed by village councils
No hierarchy, but concentric circles |
NEHRUVIAN | Large-scale development
Industrialization
Large public sector
Strong, centralized government
Planned economy (5-year plans) |
Current Challenges Facing India | NATION - (Nationalism, Peace)
CASTE - 'backward' castes have improved political status
CLASS - Globalization + neoliberalism, (30%:70%)
INDIGENOUS: Heartlands + valuable minerals (conflict state)
GENDER - disparities
RELIGIOUS (political use of, fasc |
Motivating factors for colonialism | Quest for spices
Trade in cotton (muslin & calicoes)
European trading rivalries
EAST INDIA TRADING COMPANIES |
Battle of Plassey (Polashi), When and what happened? | 1757 - British capture Bengal |
Impact of colonialism | Rapid upheaval in economic & political systems to benefit colonizer; social impact follows |
Aspects of british colonialism in India? | Administrative, Revenue, Judiciary, Educational, Communications & transportation, Cultural |
Socio-cultural impact of COLONIALISM | Class: New ones + Elites, Wage workers, Racism, Migration; Language: New, novels; Gender: Improve status of women, education, later age for marriage, 'mutuality' in marriage among middle-classes.
TECHNOLOGY: Telegraph, railways |
Indian 'Mutiny'/War | 1857, uprising against British, Zafar (last Mughal emperor...) |
Bengal Patition | 1905-10 Rabindranath Tagore & Mohandas Gandhi |
Jallianwala Bagh? | 1919 Massacre, General Dyer conducted soldiers for firing on an innocent crowd of Indians. |
Independance & Patition into Pakistan and India | 1947
14.5 million crossed border
78% on western borders
1 million died
massive violence and slaughter occurred on both sides of the border |
Bhartiya Janata Party BJP | Commited to Hindutya (a Hindu Nation)
Political party that runs for office and has formed governments at the centre as well as continues to form governments at the state level |
Vishwa Hindu Parishad VHP | Missionary organization, active in India and overseas in the diasporic Hindu community |
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh RSS | Fascist militia Male only |
Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh BMS | Trade union |
Rashtriya Sevika Samiti | National Volunteer Association for Women |
Vanvasi Kalyan Ashram | (organiation for improvements of forest dwellers – tribals or indigenous people) |
Bajrand Dal | Youth militia of VHP |
Akhil Bhartiya Vidyarthi Parishad – ABVP | All-India Student Organization, Active on college and university campuses; works to support Hindutva objectives |