| Question | Answer |
| Osteopathic versus orthopedic probelm | Somatic dysfunction is likely to be found in the minor motions (joint glide) that involves restriction at the end ROM.
Orthopedic problems are due to joint instability evident by laxity/instability at end ROM |
| Ulnohumeral Joint | Major motions: Flexion and Extension
**Minor Involuntary motions: Abd (with extension) and Add (with flexion) |
| Pain or Restriction with elbow flexion | SD is ulnar abduction
Restriction is ulnar adduction
**May see and Increased carrying angle |
| Pain or Restriction with elbow extension | SD is ulnar adduction
Restriction is unlar abduction
**may see decreased carrying angle |
| Radial head motion | Glides posteriorly with pronation, anteriorly with supination |
| Posterior Radial Head SD | often seen with falling forward onto outstretched hands.
**Restriction will be supination/anterior radial head glide (pain with supination) |
| Anterior Radial Head SD | Often results from a fall backward with hands supinated.
**Restriction will be pronation/posterior radial head glide (pain with pronation) |
| Radial Head tenderpoints are often confused with? | Lateral Epicondylitis (degeneration of the tendon of an extensor) |
| True wrist joint | Radiocarpal joint: Radius, scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum |
| Radiocarpal major axes of motion | Transverse axis: Flex(80-90deg)/ext(70deg)
Anterioposterior axis: add(30-50deg)/abd (20deg)
**More flexion and adduction |
| Minor involuntary motions of the wrist that cause most SD | Anterior carpal bone glide (extension) are the most common.
Posterior carpal bone glide (flexion).
**SD can be named for the major motions even though they are caused by the minor motion |
| Counterstrain tenderpoints from wrist SD | found in tendons or muscle bellys. If found in flexor compartment (anterior/palmar) treat with wrist flexed. Opposite for posterior/dorsal points |
| Anatomical snuff box tenderness | suspect scaphoid fracture and necrosis |
| Main SD in Carpometacarpal joints | Dorsal glide
**Restriction in ventral glide |
| What type of joint is the thumb | Saddle joint. Allows movement in almost any plane making it more susceptable for sprains than SD |
| MP and IP Joint glides | SD can be in: AP glide, ML glide, Int/Ext glide |
| Viscerosomatic reflexes related to arm pain | 1. Diaphragm referred pain in trapezius
2. MI referred pain to left axilla and arm
3. Gall Bladder pain to right AC and Scapula |
