term | definition |
sum | the answer to an addition problem |
difference | the answer to a subtraction problem |
product | the answer to a multiplication problem |
quotient | the answer to a division problem |
factor | a number that is multiplied by another number to find a product |
multiple | the product of a number and any whole number |
least common multiple | the smallest number, other than 0, that is a common multiple of two or more numbers |
greatest common factor | the largest factor that two or more numbers have in common |
prime number | a whole number greater than one with exactly two factors, 1 and itself |
composite number | a whole number that has more than two whole number factors |
percent | the ratio of a number to 100 |
ratio | a comparison of two quantities |
squared | raised to the power of 2 |
factor tree | a diagram showing the prime factorization of a number |
prime factorization | a composite number expressed as the product of its prime factors |
approximate | to estimate or come close to |
expression | a mathematical combination of numbers, variables, and operations |
equation | a mathematical sentence stating that two expressions are equal |
order of operations | the process of solving math expressions (PEMDAS: parenthesis, exponents, multiplication/division left to right, addition/subtraction left to right) |
median | the middle number in a set of data when the data is arranged in order |
mode | one of the values appearing most often in a set of data |
range | the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of data |
mixed number | a whole number plus a fraction |
improper fraction | a fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator |
area | the number of square units needed to cover a surface (the inside of a shape) |
perimeter | the distance around the outside of a 2 dimensional shape |
diameter | a line segment that passes through the center of a circle and endpoints on the circle |
radius | a line segment from the center of a circle to any point on the circle |
circumference | the distance around a circle |
parallelogram | a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and congruent and opposite angles are congruent |
rhombus | a parallelogram whose four sides are congruent and whose opposite angles are congruent |
triangle | a 3 sided polygon; all angles equal 180 degrees |
quadrilateral | a 4 sided polygon; all angles equal 360 degrees |
trapezoid | a quadrilateral that has only one pair of parallel sides |
octagon | an 8 sided polygon |
hexagon | a 6 sided polygon |
pentagon | a 5 sided polygon |
obtuse angle | an angle with a measure of more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees |
acute angle | an angle that measures greater than zero degrees and less than 90 degrees |
right angle | an angle with a measure of 90 degrees |
equilateral triangle | a triangle with 3 equal sides |
isosceles triangle | a triangle with 2 congruent sides |
scalene triangle | a triangle with no congruent ides |
vertex/vertices | the point where 2 rays meet, where 2 sides of a polygon meet, or where the edges of a 3D shape meet; the top point of a cone or pyramid |