Question | Answer |
Arteries | Large blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood awar from the heart to the body, arterial blood is bright red |
Aorta | Is the main part of arterial system, begins in the left ventricle of the heart. |
Coronary Arteries | Supplies the heart with blood |
Arterioles | Thinner branches, carry blood to capillaries. |
Capillaries | Blood vessels that connect arteries and veins to each other. Smallest vesses in the body |
Blood flow | slower in capillaries to allow time for exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between surrounding cells and fluids |
Veins | Responsible for carrying waste-filled blood back to heart |
Valves in veins | Allow for one-way blood flow toward heart |
Venules | small veins that join to form larger veins |
Pulse | Expansion and contraction of an artery caused by the pressure applied against the walls of the vessels |
Systolic pressure | The upper number of a blood pressure reading |
Diastolic Pressure | The lower nuber of a blood pressure reading |
Blood | Composed of 55% liquid plasma and 45% formed elements. |
Formed elements | Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets |
Plasma | Liquid part of blood, contains nutrients wastes and hormones. 91% water, 9% proteins |
Fibrinogen and Prothrombin | Clotting proteins to help blood clot and control bleeding. |
Erythrocytes or RBC's | contains hemoglobin, or iron containing portion of erythrocyte, live 120 days |
Hemoglobin | transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body |
Leukocytes or WBC's | Protect body against infection, five types of leukocytes. |
Neutrophils | Majority of WBC's, fight infection by phagocytosis |
Basophils | Promote inflammatory response, elevated basophil count may indicate an allergic condition |
Eosinophils | Formed in red bone marrow, increase in response to allergic condition |
Lymphocytes | Formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen, protect body against disease |
Monocytes | Formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen, help fight disease. |
Thrombocytes (Platelets) | smallest formed elements in the blood; when blood vessel is damaged platelets become sticky and clump together. |
Rh positive | You have the Rh antigen |
Rh Negative | You do not have Rh antigen |
Aneurysm | Weak spot in the wall of an artery, causes it to balloon out and sometimes rupture. |
Arteriosclerosis | Hardening of the arteries which reduces blood flow through the artery |
Varicose Veins | Abnormally swollen veins usually occuring in the legs |
Thrombus | Blood clot attached to inside wall of vein or artery |
Embolus | blood, air, fat or other substance in the bloodstream. |
Embloism | the blockage of the blood vessel by the embolus |
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) | Bad kind, contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries causing a blockage for blood flow |
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) | Good kind, Carries uneeded cholesterol back to the liver for processing; does not contribute to plaque build-up in the arteries |
Triglycerides | Combination of fatty acids and glycerol found in the blood |
Leukemia | Progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes; malignant disorder |
Anemia | Lower than normal number of red blood cells |
Irond Deficiency anemia | Develops if not enough iron is available to the bone marrow to make hemoglobin. |
Sickle Cell anemia | Genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin |
Pulse Oximeter | External monitor that is applied to the finger to measure oxygen saturated with oxygen. Normal is above 96% or 90% |
Blood gases | Measuremetn of other gases in blood (in addition to oxygen) |
P | Pulse |
BP | Blood Pressure |
RBC | Red Blood Cells |
WBC | White BLood Cells |
LDL | Low density Lipoprotein |
HDL | High density lipoprotein |
ABG | Arterial blood gas |
tPA | Tissue plaminogen activator |