Question | Answer |
Acetabulum | a socket in the pelvic bone where the thigh bone joins the pelvis |
Acromion | highest part of the shoulder where the clavical and scapula meet |
Articulation | a join which binds two bones together |
Ligaments | connective tissue whichs binds bone to bone |
Skeletal Muscles | a.k.a. voluntary or striated muscles which attach to the bone |
Smooth Muscles | muscles found in visceral organs and blood vessels |
Synovial Joints | freely moving joints |
Tendons | connective tissue which binds muscle to bone |
Frontal Bone | forms the forehead and the upper part of the bony cavities that contain the eyeballs. |
Occipital Bone | forms the back of the head and the base of the skull. contains the foramen magnum, through which the spinal cord passes. |
Temporal Bones | form the lower sides and part of the base of the skull. Contain the middle and inner ear structures. |
Mandibular Bone | lower jaw bone. it is the largest, strongest bone of the face and is the only movable bone of the skull. |
Lacrimal Bones | paper thin and shaped somewhat like a fingernail. located at the inner corner of each eye, forming the sidewall of the nasal cavity adn the middle wall of the eye orbit. |
Cervical Vertebrae | Neck. Consists of the first seven bones of the vertebral column. |
Thoracic Vertebrae | Chest. Connect with the 12 pairs of ribs. |
Lumbar Vertebrae | support the back and lower trunk of the body. |
Sacrum | single triangular shaped bone that resulted from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child. |
Coccyx | the tail bone. single bone that resulted from the fusion of 4 individual coccygeal bones in the child. |
Xiphoid process | lower portion of the sternum. |
Humerus | upper arm bone. joins the scapula above and the radius and ulna below. |
Radius | one of the 2 lower arm bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bone below. its on the lateral or thumb side of the arm. |
Ulna | 2nd of the 2 lower arms bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bones below. it's on the medial, or little finger, side of the arm. |
Carpals | bones of the wrist. each wrist has 8 carpal bones. |
Metacarpals | bones of the hand. |
Phalanges | bones of the fingers. |
Ilium | largest of the 3 hip bones. upper flared portion of the hip bones. |
Iliac Crest | upper curved edge of the ilium. |
Ischium | lowest part of the hip bones and is the strongest of the pelvic bones. |
Femur | thigh bone. it's the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone of the body. |
Patella | knee bone or kneecap. it's the largest sesamoid bone in the body. protects and covers the knee joint. |
Tibia | shin bone. larger and stronger of the 2 lower leg bones. located on the great toe side of the lower leg. |
Acetabulum | a socket in the pelvic bone where the thigh bone joins the pelvis |
Acromion | highest part of the shoulder where the clavical and scapula meet |
Articulation | a join which binds two bones together |
Ligaments | connective tissue whichs binds bone to bone |
Skeletal Muscles | a.k.a. voluntary or striated muscles which attach to the bone |
Smooth Muscles | muscles found in visceral organs and blood vessels |
Synovial Joints | freely moving joints |
Tendons | connective tissue which binds muscle to bone |
Frontal Bone | forms the forehead and the upper part of the bony cavities that contain the eyeballs. |
Occipital Bone | forms the back of the head and the base of the skull. contains the foramen magnum, through which the spinal cord passes. |
Temporal Bones | form the lower sides and part of the base of the skull. Contain the middle and inner ear structures. |
Mandibular Bone | lower jaw bone. it is the largest, strongest bone of the face and is the only movable bone of the skull. |
Lacrimal Bones | paper thin and shaped somewhat like a fingernail. located at the inner corner of each eye, forming the sidewall of the nasal cavity adn the middle wall of the eye orbit. |
Cervical Vertebrae | Neck. Consists of the first seven bones of the vertebral column. |
Thoracic Vertebrae | Chest. Connect with the 12 pairs of ribs. |
Lumbar Vertebrae | support the back and lower trunk of the body. |
Sacrum | single triangular shaped bone that resulted from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child. |
Coccyx | the tail bone. single bone that resulted from the fusion of 4 individual coccygeal bones in the child. |
Xiphoid process | lower portion of the sternum. |
Humerus | upper arm bone. joins the scapula above and the radius and ulna below. |
Radius | one of the 2 lower arm bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bone below. its on the lateral or thumb side of the arm. |
Ulna | 2nd of the 2 lower arms bones that joins the humerus above and the wrist bones below. it's on the medial, or little finger, side of the arm. |
Carpals | bones of the wrist. each wrist has 8 carpal bones. |
Metacarpals | bones of the hand. |
Phalanges | bones of the fingers. |
Ilium | largest of the 3 hip bones. upper flared portion of the hip bones. |
Iliac Crest | upper curved edge of the ilium. |
Ischium | lowest part of the hip bones and is the strongest of the pelvic bones. |
Femur | thigh bone. it's the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone of the body. |
Patella | knee bone or kneecap. it's the largest sesamoid bone in the body. protects and covers the knee joint. |
Tibia | shin bone. larger and stronger of the 2 lower leg bones. located on the big toe side of the lower leg. |
Fibula | more slender of the 2 lower leg bones and is lateral to the tibia. |
Tarsals | bones of the ankle. |
Metatarsals | bones of the foot. |
Condyle | knucklike projection at the end of a bone. |
Diaphysis | main shaftlike portion of a bone. |
Epiphyseal line | a layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone; also known as the epiphyseal plate. |
Epiphysis | the end of a bone. |
False Ribs | rib pairs 8 through 10, which connect to the vertebrae in teh back but not to the sternum in the front because they join the seventh rib in the front. |
Flat bones | bones that are broad and thin with flat or curved surfaces, such as the sternum. |
Floating Ribs | rib pairs 11 and 12, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of any attachment in the front. |
Fontanelle or Fontanel | space between the bones of an infant's cranium; "soft spot." |
Foramen | hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass. |
Hematopoiesis | the normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow. |
Intercostal Spaces | spaces between the ribs. |
Intervertebral Disc | a falt, circular platelike structure of cartilage that seres as a cushion (or shock absorber) between the vertebrae. |
Long Bones | bones that are longer than they are wide & with distinctive shaped ends, such as the femur. |
Ossification | the conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone. |
Osteoblasts | immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue |
Osteocytes | mature bone cells. |
Periosteum | thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone. |
Short Bones | bones that are about as long as they are wide and somewhat box-shaped, such as the wrist bone. |
Sinus | an opening or hollow space in a bone; a cavity within a bone. |
Sulcus | a groove or depression in a bone; a fissure. |
Sutures | immovable joints, such as those of the cranium. |
Trochanter | large bony process located below the neck of the femur. |
True Ribs | the first seven pairs of ribs, which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front. |
Tubercle | A small rounded process of a bone. |
Osteoporosis | porous bones; that is, bones that were once strong become fragile due to loss of bone density. |
Osteomalacia | disease in which the bones become abnormally soft due to a deficiency of calcium and phosporus in the blood. |
Osteomyelitis | is a local or generalized infection of the bone and bone marrow, resulting from a bacterial infection that has spread to the bone tissue through the blood. |
Spinal Stenosis | narrowing of the vertebral canal, nerve root canals, or intervertebral foramini (openings) of the lumbar spinal canal. |
Kyphosis | is an abnormal outward curvature of a portion of the spine, commonly known as hunchback or humpback. |
Scoliosis | abnormal lateral (sideward) curvature of a portion of the spine. |
Closed Fracture | simple fracture. a break in a bone but no open wound in the skin. |
Open Fracture | compound fracture. a break in a bone, as well as an open wound in the skin. |
Compression Fracture | caused by bone surfaces being forced against each other, as in the compression of one vertebra against another. |
Impacted Fracture | occurs when a direct force causes the bone to break, forcing the broken end of the small bone into the broken end of the larger bone. |
Colles' Fracture | occurs at the lower end of the radius, within 1 inch of connecting with the wrist bones. |
Hairline Fracture A.K.A. Stress Fracture | minor fracture in which the bone continues to be in perfect alignment. |
Pathological Fracture | occurs when a bone, which is weakened by a preexisting disease, breaks in response to a force that would not cause a normal bone to break. |
Closed Reduction | consists of aligning the bone fragments through manual manipulation or traction, without making an incision into the skin. |
Open Reduction | consists of realigning of the bone under direct observation during surgery. |
DEXA Scan | a noninvasive procedure that measures bone density. |