Question | Answer |
Negative and positive contrast medium | A positive contrast medium absorbs x-rays more strongly,a negative contrast medium, less strongly.
positive shows white,(Barium) neg shows black (air, gas, CO2) |
What is the normal Protein reading of a urine sample | ZERO is normal (negative?) |
What is Mammography | The radiographic examination of the breast |
Anteroposterior(AP)view | the x-rays are directed from the front towards the back of the body,the posterior aspect facing the film |
What is the type of specimen necessary for a mono Test | Blood specimen; capillary or venipuncture |
Which cholesterol in the good cholesterol | HDL |
What is polyuria | Lots of urine |
What is dysuria | painful urination |
How do you set up and operate a centrifuge | Balance it first, insert spacers if needed, close and lock lid, set timer and turn on |
What is FBS | 12 hr fasting, then a blood draw, nothing to eat or drink except water |
What is a 2 hr pp tests | Eat a prescribed meal, or drink , and have the blood taken exactly two hours later |
When is a Ziehl Neilsen stain Used | for acid-fast bacilla, after gram stains are neither pos or neg - for TB |
Why is antibiotic sensitivity testing performed? | To determine the best antibiotic for treatment |
What is the purpose of a lab report and a requisition | To report the test results, and to order tests(on the requisition) |
What does ABN mean | Advanced Beneficiary Notice |
How does hemolysis make the serum or plasma appear read | is the rupturing of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and the release of their contents (hemoglobin) into surrounding fluid |
What tests might you find in a lipid panel | total cholesterol, LDL chol, HDL chol, Triglycerides, total chol/HDL ratio |
What is the function of the bladder | To hold urine |
If you are type A blood what is present on the cells and plasma | Type A blood cells have A antigens on the cells and B antibodies in the plasma |
Which blood cell antigen is so important when a woman is pregnant | RH & ABO |
Why is a PKU test done | To test for the presence of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxide which is necessary to digest protein |
What is a heterophile test | A MONO Test |
What is serology/immunology | Immunology is the study of the body’s immune system and its functions and disorders. Serology is the study of blood serum (the clear fluid that separates when blood clots) |
What is a depression slide used for | for a wet mount, when material must be living when examined |
What type of specimen is used to look for a trichomonas infection | vaginal discharge |
How might you describe squamous epithelial cells | Large, clear, flat and irregular shaped |
What is the normal Specific Gravity of urine | 1.005-1.030 |
What are the other names for the occult blood test | Guaiac slide Test |
If you are type B blood, what are on the cells and in the plasma | You would have B antigens on the blood cells and A antibodies in the plasma |
If you have AB blood what are on the cells and in the plasma | You would have both A and B antigens on the blood cells and no A or B antibodies in the plasma |
If you are blood type 0 what are on the blood cells and in the plasma | You would have neither A or B antigens on your blood cells, but you would have both A and B antibodies in your plasma |
Which blood cell antigens are so important when a woman is pregnant | Rh antigen |
When might a C Diff test be ordered | To look for the C. difficile bacteria that causes diarrhea abdominal pain, fever, and/or nausea during or following a course of antibiotics |
What can a fasting patient eat or drink | Only water |
When is a PAP smear done | Not during Mensies, preferably 10-20 days after the last onset of your period, yearly |
What do most HIV positive patients eventually develop | AIDS |
What anticoagulant is present in the lavender tube | EDTA |
What anticoagulant is present in the green top tube | Heparin |
What anticoagulant is present in the gray tube | Sodium flouride |
What anticoagulant is present in the light blue tube | Sodium citrate |
What is arteriosclerosis | A build up of fibrous plaques of fatty deposits and cholesterol on the inner walls of the coronary arteries |
How many millilters of blood is normally lost in the stool each day? | 5cc or 5 millilters |
Why are occult bloods test done | To screen for colon cancer |
What is ultrasound | High frequency sound waves |
What test might be present in an electrolyte panel | Co2, CL, K, NA |
How should a sputum sample be collected | It can be expelled by coughing and then being spit out. |
Is Hepatitis A a blood born pathogen | No, It is generally transmitted through a fecal-oral route |
What does PSA stand for | Prostrate Specific Antigen |
What causes strep throat | streptococcal (strep) bacteria |
What Methodology does a MRI use | An MRI machine uses a powerful magnetic field |
Who assigns the diagnosis for laboratory testing | The Dr. only |
What is specific gravity measuring | The weight of the urine compared with the weight of an equal volume of distilled water, indicates the amount of dissolved substances present in the urine |
Polyuria | Excessive increase in urine output |
Oliguria | Decrease in urine output |
Anuria | Failure of the kidneys to priduce urine |
Diuresis | secretion and passage of increased amounts of urine |
Dysuria | Difficult or painful urination |
Enuresis | Involuntary urination |
Hematuria | Blood in the urine |
Nocturia | Excessive night time urination |
Pyuria | Pus in the urine |
Rentention | Incomplete emptying of the bladder |
Urgency | Immediate need to urinate |
Incontinence | Inability to retain urine (involuntary urination) |
What is the normal PH of a urine sample | 7.0, but it can range from 4.6-8.0 |
What is the normal Glucose reading of a urine sample | ZERO is normal (negative) |
Posteroanterior (PA)view | The x-rays are directed from the back toward the front of the body, the anterior aspect is facing the film |
How do you read a spun microhematocrit? | adjust the tube so that the bottom of the red blood cells are on the 0 line. Read the results at the top of the packed red cells. |
Are nitrites always present in a urine specimen | NO, only if there is bacteria present. |
What is an Analyte | a substance or chemical constituent that is determined in an analytical procedure |
How is a 3 hr Glucose Tolerance test done | A zero time (baseline) blood sample is drawn.The pt is then given a measured dose of glucose to drink within a 5 minute time frame.Blood is drawn at intervals for measurement of blood sugar and sometimes insulin levels for a total of 3hrs every half hour |
BG | Blood Glucose |
Bx | Biopsy |
CBC | Complete Blood Count |
C&S | Culture and sensitivity |
diff | differential |
ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
FBS | Fasting Blood Sugar |
GCT | Glucose Challenge Test |
GTT | Glucose Tolerance Test |
Hct | Hematocrit |
Hgb | Hemoglobin |
PSA | Prostate-specific antigen |
RBC | Red Blood Count |
RBS | Random blood sugar |
SG | Specific gravity |
Trig | triglycerides |
UA | urinalysis |
U/C | urine culture |
WBC | White Blood Count |
"normal" results for dipstick portion of Urinalysis are: | leukocytes neg, Nitrite neg, Urobilinogen normal 1.2, Protein neg, pH 7.0, Blood neg, Spec Grav 1.005-1.030, Keytones neg, Biliruben neg, Glucose neg |
what tests might hemolysis affect? | K (potassium), Mg (magnesium) and Fe (iron) |
Are clinical chemistry tests generally done on cells or the liquid portion of the blood? | fluid/liquid |