Question | Answer |
The force or resistance against which the heart pumps. | afterload |
An extreme, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure. | anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock) |
A swelling or enlargement of part of a blood vessel, resulting from weakening of the vessel wall. | aneurysm |
The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary functions, such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and sweating. | autonomic nervous system |
A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions. | cardiogenic shock |
The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss. | compensated shock |
A bluish gray skin color that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood. | cyanosis |
The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling. | decompensated shock |
Loss of water from the tissues of the body. | dehydration |
A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both. | distributive shock |
The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area. | edema |
A balance of all systems of the body. | homeostasis |
A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F (35°C), usually as a result of prolonged exposure to cool or freezing temperatures. | hypothermia |
A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion. | hypovolemic shock |
The final stage of shock, resulting in death. | irreversible shock |
The ability of the heart muscle to contract. | myocardial contractility |
Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries. | neurogenic shock |
Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body's tissues. | obstructive shock |
Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet current needs of the cells. | perfusion |
The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up. | preload |
Shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope). | psychogenic shock |
Developing a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction. | sensitization |
Shock caused by severe infection, usually a bacterial infection. | septic shock |
A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion. | shock |
Muscles arranged in circles that are able to decrease the diameter of tubes. Examples are found within the rectum, bladder, and blood vessels. | sphincters |
A fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness, often caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain. | syncope |