Question | Answer |
thiazide&like diuretics | result in Na+ & H2O excretion from the kidney 2, reduced circulating bld volume will lower the B/P, 3, first choic for HPT tx in pts with adequate renal fxn - not for pt with DM, 4, k+ is also lost with sodium and water |
chlor-thali-done | hygroton |
cholro-thiazide | diuril |
hydro-chloro-thiazide | hydro-diuril -HCTZ |
uses/considerations | HPT-Check K+ |
LOOP DIURETICS | 1, sodium and water excretion at the loop of henle, 2, causes intense diuresis and k+ loss, 3, sulfa derivative-check for allergies |
furosemide | lasix 40 mg tid |
Bumetanide | bumex ( not approved for hpt) |
use/considerations | hpt/CHF/liver or renal dx , k+ supplement |
POTASSIUM SPARING DIURETICS | causes mild diuresis but blocks potassium excretion |
spironol-actone | aldactone (hpt) |
triamterene | dyrenium (hpt-combined with HCTZ) |
Side effects | hyperkalemia (with potassium sparing diuretics), hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypotension |
nursing implications | give am, weight daily, I &O, assess for electrolyte imbalance: |
hypo- kalemia | malaise, muscle weakness, dsyrhthmia |
hyper-kalemia | n/d, muscle weakness, dsyrhthmia |
hypo-natremia | muscle weakness, leg cramps , dry mouth |