Question | Answer |
spina bifida | congenital devect in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect) |
Alzheimer disease (AD) | brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive mental deterioration, personality changes and impariment of daily functioning |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem |
epilepsy | chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity |
Huntington disease | hereditary disorder marked by degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt involuntary movements and mental deterioration |
multiple sclerosis (MS) | destruction of themyelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue |
myasthenia gravis (MG) | autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles |
palsy | partial or complete loss of motor function |
Parkinson disease | degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, usually occuring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement (caused by deficiency of dopamine) |
Tourette syndrome | involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrollable vocal sounds; and inappropriate words |
herpes zoster (shingles) | viral infection affecting peripheral nerves |
meningitis | inflammation of the meninges |
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy | brain disease and dementia occuring with AIDS |
concussion | temporary brain dysfunction after injury usually clearing with 24 hours (brief loss of consciousness - symptoms nausea, headache sleepy, if severe unequal pupils) |
contusion | bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head; neurologic deficits persist longer than 24 hours 9usually associated with a skull fracture) |
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (common term is stroke) | disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain - can be thrombotic, embolic, hemorrhagic |
migraine | severe, recurring, unilateral, vascular headache |