Question | Answer |
abdominal cavity | The cavity beneath the thoracic cavity that is separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm; ex liver, gallbladder, spleen. |
anaplasia** | a chage in the structure and orientation of cells; space between diaphragm and the groin |
anatomical position | the standard reference position for the body as a whole. |
anterior** | pertaining to the front of the body or toward the belly of the body |
aplasia | a developmental failure resulting in the absence of any organ or tissue |
cardiac muscle | the muscle that makes up the muscular wall of the heart |
caudal | peraining to the tail |
cell | the smallest and most numerous structural unit of living matter |
cell membrane | the semipermeable barrier that is the outer covering of a cell |
cervical vertebrae** | the first seven segments of the spinal column; C1 through C7 |
cheromosomes | the threadlike structures within the nucleus that control the functions of growth, repair, and reproduction for the body |
coccyx** | the tailbone. end of the vertebral column |
connective tissue | tissue that supports and binds other body tissue and parts |
cranial | pertaining to the skull or cranium |
cranial cavity | the cavity that contains the brain |
cytology | the study of cells |
distal | away from or farthest from the trunk of the body, or farhest from the point of origin fo a body part |
dorsal | peraining to the back |
dysplasia** | any abnormal development of tissues or organs |
epigastric region | the region of the abdomen located betweeen the right and left hypochondriac regions in the upper section of the abdomen, beneath the cartilage of the ribs |
epithelial tissue | the tissue that covers the internal and external organs of the body; it also lines the vessels, bodycavities, glands, and body organs |
genes | segments of chromosomes that transmit hereditary characteristics. |
frontal plane | any of the vertical planes passing through the body from the head to the feet, perpendicular to the sagittal planess and dividing the body into front and back portions |
histologist** | a medical scientist who specializes in the study of tissues |
hyperplasia** | an increase in the number of cell of a body part |
hypogastric region** | the middle section of the lower abdomen, beneath the umbilical region |
hypoplasia | incomplete or underdeveloped organ or tissue, usually the result of a decreas in the number of cells |
inferior | below or downward toward the tail or feet |
inguinal region** | the righr and left regions of the lower section of the abdomen; also called the iliac region |
lateral** | toward the side of the body, away from the midline of the body |
lumbar region | the right and left regions of the middle section of the abdomen |
mcburney's point | a point on the right side of the abdomen, about 2/3 of the distance between the umbilicus and the anterior bony prominence of the hip |
medial | toward the midline of the body |
mediolateral** | pertaining to the middle and side of a structure |
medline of the body | the imaginary line created when the body is divided into equal right and left halves |
mitochondria | cell organs,which probide the energy needed by the cell to carry on its essential functions |
muscle tissue | the tissue capable of producing movement of the parts and organs of the body by contracting and relaxing its fibers |
navel** | the umbilicus; the belly button |
neoplasia | the new and abnormal development of cells that may be benign or malignant |
nervous tissue | tissue that transmits impulses throughout the body, thereby activating , coordinationg, and controlling the many functions of the body |
nucleus | the central controlling body within a living cell that is enclosed within the cell membrane |
pelvic cavity | the lower front cavity of the body, located beneath the abdominal cavity; contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs |
piritoneum | a specific serous membrane that covers the entire abdominal wall of the body and is reflected over the contained viscera |
plane | imaginary slices made through the body as if a dividing sheet were passed through the body at a particular angle and in a particular angle and in a particular direction, permitting a view from a different angle |
plantar** | pertaining to the sole of bottom of the foot |
posterior** | pertaining to the back of the body |
prone | lying facedown of the abdomen |
proximal** | toward or nearest to the trunk of the body, or nearest to the point of origin of a body part |
sacrum | the singular triangular-shaped bone that results from the fusion of the five individual sacral bones of the child |
skeletal muscle | muscle that is attached to bone and is responsible for the movement of the skeleton |
smooth muscle | muscle found in the walls of the hollow organs of the body such as the stomach and intestines |
supergicial | pertaining to the surface of the body, or near the surface |
supination | amovement that allows the palms of the hands to turn upward or forward |
supine** | lying horizontally on the back, face up |
thoracic cavity | the chest cavity, which contains the lungs, heart, aorta, esophagus , and trachea |
tissue | a group of cells that performs specialized functions |
transverse plane | any of the planes cutting across the body perpendicular to the sagittal and the frontal planes, dividing the body into superior(upper) and inferior(lower) |
umbilical region | the region of the abdomen located in the middle section of the abdomen, between the right and left lumbar regions and directly beneath the epigastric region |
umbilicus** | the navel; also called the belly button |
ventral** | pertaining to the front; belly side |
visceral | pertaining to the internal organs |
visceral muscle | smooth muscle |