Question | Answer |
What drugs does a rapid impact package contain and what diseases are targeted? | Ivermectin for onchocerciasis &lymphatic filariasis, Albendazole for Soil-Transmitted Helminths, Azithromicin for Trachoma, Praziquantel for Schistosomiasis |
What are the six kingdoms in the tree of life? | Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, & Fungi |
In which kingdoms do we find the traditional parasites? | Protista & Animalia |
In which kingdom and phylum are the trematodes classified? | Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Platyhelminthes |
Which parasites are commonly found in the small intestine of the human DH? | Fasciolopsis buski, Metagonimus yokagawai, Heterophyes heterophyes |
Which parasites are commonly found in the liver/bile duct of the human DH? | Fasciola hepatica, Clonorchis sinensis |
Which parasites are commonly found in the lung tissue of the human DH? | Paragonimus westermani |
Which parasites are commonly found in the bloodstream of the human DH? | Schistosomes (S. mansoni, S. japonicum, S. haematobium) |
Describe the procedure for Formalin Ethyl-Acetate Sedimentation. | 4g of feces -> add formalin -> strain through gauze to get big things out -> centrifuge -> decant + discard supernatant -> more formalin -> ethyl acetate -> centrifuge -> discard supernatant.
Eggs are in sediment. |
What are definitive morphological features of Metagonimus yokagawai and Heterophyes heterophyes. | 1.4 mm * 0.5 mm
Metagonimus yokagawai- ventral sucker and gonotyl fused lateral to the midline of the body (genito- acetabulum).
Heterophyes heterophyes has separate ventral sucker and gonotyl structures along midline |
What pathology is caused by the Fasciola hepatica juveniles in the definitive host? | Juveniles: pain, irritation, hoarseness, coughing upon ingestion. acute fascioliasis. headache, backache, chills, fever. ulceration + calcification in ectopic sites. mechanical damage to liver -> Hepatomegaly -> ruptured Glisson's capsule. worst @ 8 wks. |
What pathology is caused by the Fasciola hepatica adults in the definitive host? | Adults: chronic fascioliasis. diarrhea. anemia. common bile duct blockage. proline secretion -> collagen and fibrous tissue buildup in bile duct walls-> pipestem fibrosis. Fibrotic bile duct -> backflow of bile -> cirrhosis, jaundice, hepatomegaly. |