Question | Answer |
ARACHN/O | SPIDER |
CEREBR/O | CEREBRUM; BRAIN |
CRANI/O | CRANIUM; SKULL |
DENDR/O | BRANCHING; DENDRITE |
ELECTR/O | ELECTRICITY |
ENCEPHAL/O | BRAIN |
GLI/O | MEUROGLIA; NERVE CELL |
HYDR/O | WATER; FLUID |
MENING/O | MENINGES |
MYEL/O | SPINAL CORD (ALSO BONE MARROW |
NEUR/O | NERVE |
OLIG/O | FEW; DIMINISHED |
QUARD/I | FOUR |
THEC/O | SHEATH |
THROMB/O | CLOT |
VASCUL/O | BLOOD VESSELS |
VENTRICUL/O | VENTRICLE |
DURA- | HARD |
ECHO- | SOUND |
-ALGIA | PAIN |
PMALACIA | SOFTENING |
-PARESIS | PARTIAL PARALYSIS |
-PATHY | DISEASE |
-PLEGIA | PARALYSIS |
ALS | AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS |
ANS | AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM |
CNS | CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM |
CP | CEREBRAL PALSY |
CSF | CEREBROSPINAL FLUID |
CVA | CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT |
EEG | ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY |
HD | HUNTINGTON DISEASE |
ICP | INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE |
LP | LUMBAR PUNCTURE |
MS | MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS |
PEG | PNEUMOENCEPHALOGRAPHY |
PNS | PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM |
PPS | POSTPOLIO SYNDROME |
SNS | SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM |
TENS | TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION |
TIA | TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK |
AQUE/O | WATERY |
BLAST/O | IMMATURE |
BLEPHAR/O | EYELID |
CONJUNCTIV/O | CONJUNCTIVA |
CORNEA/O | CORNEA |
DACRY/O | TEARS |
DACRYOCYST/O | TEAR SAC |
DIPL/O | DOUBLE |
FUND/O | FUNDUS; BASE |
GLAUC/O | SILVER; GRAY |
IR/O; IRID/O | IRIS |
KERAT/O | CORNEA |
LACRIM/O | TEARS |
OCUL/O | EYE |
OPHTHALM/O | EYE |
OPT/O | EYE; VISION |
PALPEBR/O | EYELID |
PHAC/O; PHAK/O | LENS |
PHOT/O | LIGHT |
PUPILL/O | PUPIL |
RETIN/O | RETINA |
SCLER/O | SCLERA; HARD |
UVE/O | UVEA |
VITRE/O | GLASSY; JELLY-LIKE |
ECT- | OUTSIDE; OUT |
EN-; ESO- | IN; INWARD |
EX- | OUT; OUTWARD |
PRESBY- | AGING; OLD |
-METRY | TO MEASURE |
-OPIA | VISION |
-TROPIA; -TROPION | TO TURN; TURNING |
ECCE | EXTRACAPSULAR CATARACT EXTRACTION |
EOM | EXTRAOCULAR MOVEMENT |
ICCE | INTRACAPSULAR CATARACT EXTRACTION |
IOL | INTRAOCULAR LENS |
IOP | INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE |
LASIK | LASER IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS |
OD | RIGHT EYE (OCULUS DEXTER) |
OS | LEFT EYE (OCULUS SINISTER) |
OU | EACH EYE (OCULUS UTERQUE) |
PERRLA | PUPILS EQUAL, ROUND, REACTIVE TO LIGHT AND ACCOMMODATION |
PRK | PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY |
REM | RAPID EYE MOVEMENT |
RK | RADIAL KERATOTOMY |
VA | VISUAL ACUITY |
VF | VISUAL FIELD |
ACOUST/O | HEARING |
AUDI/O | HEARING; SOUND |
COCHLE/O | COCHLEA |
LABYRINTH/O | INNER EAR; LABYRINTH |
LARYNG/O | LARYNX |
MYC/O | FUNGUS |
MYRING/O | EARDRUM; TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
OT/O | EAR |
RHIN/O | NOSE |
STAPED/O | STAPES; MIDDLE EAR BONES |
TYMPAN/O | EARDRUM; TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
PRESBY- | OLD; AGING |
-ALGIA | PAIN |
-CUSIS; -CUSIA | HEARING |
-METRY | TO MEASURE |
-PLASTY | SURGICAL REPAIR |
-RRHEA | FLOW; DISCHARGE |
AC | AIR CONDUCTION |
AD | RIGHT EAR (AURIS DEXTRA) |
AS | LEFT EAR (AURIS UNITAS) |
AU | EACH EAR (AURIS UNITAS) |
BC | BONE CONDUCTION |
BOM | BILATERAL OTITIS MEDIA |
EENT | EYES, EARS, NOSE, THROAT |
ENT | EARS, NOSE, THROAT |
TM | TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
CEREBRUM | LARGEST SECTION OF THE BRAIN; CONSCIOUSNESS, MEMORY, SENSATIONS, EMOTIONS AND VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT |
CEREBELLUM | ATTACHES BRAIN TO THE BRAIN STEM; IN CHARGE OF MUSCLE TONEL, MOVEMENT AND BALANCE |
MIDBRAIN | PROVIDES NERVE CONDUCTION PATHWAYS TO AND FROM THE BRAIN |
PONS | "BRIDGE" NERVE CELLS CROSS FROM ONE SIDE OF THE BRAIN TO CONTROL OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE BODY |
MEDULLA OBLONGATA | LOWEST SECTION OF THE BRAIN STEM; CONTROLS MUSCLES OF RESPIRATION, HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE |
THALAMUS | RELAYS NERVE IMPULSES TO AND FROM THE CEREBRAL CORTEX AND THE SENSE ORGANS |
HYPOTHALAMUS | REGULATES HEART RATE, BLOOD PRESSURE, RESPIRATORY RATE, DIGESTION, EMOTIONS, BEHAVIOR, BODY TEMP, WATER BALANCE AND THIRST, SLEEP-WAKE CYCLES, HUNGER, ENDOCRINE FUNCTION; CALLED THE "THERMOSTAT: OF THE BODY |
CORPUS CALLOSUM | CONNECTS THE 2 HEMISPHERES OF THE BRAIN |
CRANIAL NERVE I OLFACTORY NERVE | SMELL |
CRANIAL NERVE II OPTIC NERVE | SIGHT |
CN III OCULOMOTOR NERVE | EYE MOVEMENT |
CN IV TROCHLEAR NERVE | EYE MOVEMENT AND EYE MUSCLE SENSATIONS |
CN V TRIGEMINAL NERVE | CHEWING AND FACIAL SENSATIONS |
CN VI ABDUCENS NERVE | TURN THE EYEBALL OUTWARD OR AWAY FROM MIDLINE |
CN VII FACIAL NERVE | IMPULSES TO SCALP, FOREHEAD, EYELIDS, CHEEK, JAW, & OTHER FACIAL MUSCLES |
CN VIII ACOUSTIC NERVE | HEARING AND BALANCE; ALSO CALLED AUDITORY NERVE |
CN IX GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE | TASTE, VISCERA AND SECRETIONS OF SOME GLANDS |
CN X VAGUS NERVE | SPEECH, SWALLOWING, CARDIAC MUSCLE, SMOOTH MUSCLE, GLAND AND DUCTS OR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM |
CN XI ACCESSORY NERVE | SPEECH, SWALLOWING, HEAD AND SHOULDER MOVEMENTS |
CN XII HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE | SWALLOWING AND MOVING THE TONLGUE |
ALZHEIMER DISEASE | PROGRESSIVE, DEBILITATING DETERIORATION OF ONE'S INTELLECTUAL FUNCTIONING |
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS) | SEVERE WEAKENING & WASTING OF MUSCLE GROUPS FROM LOSS OF MOTOR NEURON FUNCTION IN BRAIN STEM & SPINAL CORD |
ANENCEPHALY | CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF BRAIN & SOMETIMES THE SPINAL CORD TOO |
ATAXIA | LACKS MUSCULAR COORDINATION, VOLUNTARY MUSCLE MOVEMENT |
BELL PALSY | WEAKNESS OR PARALYSIS OF MUSCLES OF ONE SIDE OF THE FACE |
CEPHALALGIA | PAIN IN THE HEAD, HEADACHE |
CEREBRAL ANEURYSM | DILATION OF CEREBRAL ARTERY THAT MIGHT PUT PRESSURE ON CEREBRAL TISSUE & ALTERS CEREBRAL FUNCTION |
CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE | BURSTING FORTH OF BLOOD INTO CEREBRAL TISSUE FROM RUPTURE OF A CEREBRAL VESSEL |
CEREBRAL PALSY (CP) | LACK OF VOLUNTARY MUSCLE CONTROL & COORDINATION FROM LACK OF OXYGEN TO BRAIN AT OR NEAR TIME OF BIRTH |
CEREBRAL THROMBOSIS | PRESENCE OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC CLOT IN A CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSEL THAT CAUSES DEATH OF PORTIONS OF BRAIN TISSUE |
CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT (CVA) | RUPTURE OF CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSEL CAUSING DECREASED BLOOD FLOW TO AFFECTED AREA AND EATH TO A SPECIFIC PORTION OF THE BRAIN (STROKE) |
CHIARI MALFORMATION | STRUCTURAL DEFECT - TYPES I THROUGH TYPE IV REFER TO MIBOA BOOK PAGE 393 FOR FURTHER INFO |
CONCUSSION | VIOLENT JARRING, SHAKING, BLUNT INJURY TO THE BRAIN; MAY OR MAY NOT LOSE CONSCIOUSNESS |
CONTUSION | SMALL VENOUS HEMORRHAGES IN THE BRAIN FROM STRIKING THE CRANIUM--ALSO CALLED A BRUISE |
DEMENTIA | PROGRESSIVE IRREVERSIBLE DETERIORATION OF MEMORY, JUDGMENT & THOUGHT PROCESSES |
ENCEPHALITIS (ENCEPHAL/O + ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN |
ENCEPHALOMALACIA (ENCEPHAL/O + MALACIA) | SOFTENING OF BRAIN TISSUE |
ENCEPHALOPATHY (ENCEPHAL/O + PATHY) | ANY DISEASE OF THE BRAIN |
EPIDURAL HEMATOMA (EPI + DURA + AL) | SWELLING/MASS OF B LOOD BETWEEN THE CRANIUM AND THE DURA MATER CAUSING PRESSURE ON THE BRAIN IN THE AFFECTED AREA |
EPILEPSY | A SEIZURE DISORDER - RECURRING EPISODES OF IRREGULAR ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM- |
GLIOMA (GLI/O + OMA) | MALIGNANT TUMOR OF NEUROGLIAL CELLS |
GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME | ACUTE INFLAMMATION OF SEVERAL NERVES OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CHARACTERIZED BY SYMMETRICAL PAIN AND WEAKNESS OF THE EXTREMETIES; PARALYSIS MAY ALSO DEVELOP |
HEMIPARESIS (HEMI- + -PLEGIA) | PARTIAL PARALYSIS OF ONE SIDE OF THE BODY |
HEMIPLEGIA (HEMI- + -PLEGIA | PARALYSIS OF ONE SIDE OF THE BODY |
HUNTINGTON DISEASE (HD) | GENETIS DISORDER SYMPTOMS OF PROGRESSIVE AND IRREVERSIBILE DEGENERATION OF CEREBRAN NEURONS RESULTING IN UNCONTROLLED M OVEMENTS, LOSS OF INTELLECTUAL CAPABILITIES, EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCES - ALSO CALLED HUNTINGTON CHOREA |
HYDROCEPHALUS (HYDR/O + CEPHAL/O = -US) | "WATER ON THE BRAIN" ABNORMAL ACCUMULATION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID AROUND THE BRAIN; SWELLING OF THE HEAD. |
MENINGIOMA (MENING/O + OMA) | SLOW GROWTH TUMOR OF THE MENINGES OF THE BRAIN, PRIMARILY FROM THE ARACHNOID MEMBRANE |
MENINGITIS (MENING/O + -ITIS) | INFECTION OR INFLAMMATION OF THE MEMBRANES COVERING THE BRAIN OR SPINAL CORD (MENINGES); BACTERIAL/VIRAL & SYMPTOMS OF SEVERE HEADACHE, VOMITING |
MENINGOCELE (MENING/O + -CELE) | HERNIATION OF THE MENINGES THROUGH A HOLE IN THE SKULL OR VERTEBRAL COLUMN |
MENINGOMYELOCELE (MENING/0 + MYEL/O + -CELE) | HERNIATION OF THE SPINAL CORD & MENINGES THROUGH A DEFECT IN THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN |
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (ms) | DEGENERATIVE INFLAMMATORY DISEASE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; ATTACKED THE MYELIN SHEATH OF THE SPINAL CORD & BRAINCAUSING HARDENING & SCARRING. |
MYELOMALACIA (MYEL/O + -MALACIA) | ABNORMAL SOFTENING OF THE SPINAL CORD |
NEURALGIA (NEUR/O + -ALGIA) | SEVERE SHARP PAIN OF A NERVE OR ALONG THE COURSE OF A NERVE |
NEURITIS (NEUR/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF NERVE OR NERVES |
NEUROBLASTOMA (NEUR/O + BLAST/O + -OMA) | MALIGNANT TUMOR COMPOSED OF CELLS DERIVED FROM EMBRYONIC NEURAL TISSUE; USUALLY OCCURS IN YOUNG CHILDREN |
NEUROPATHY (NEUR/O + -PATHY) | ANY DISEASE OF THE NERVES |
PARAPLEGIA (PARA- + -PLEGIA) | PARALYSIS OF THE LOWER HALF OF THE BODY, INCLUDING THE LEGS |
PARKINSON DISEASE | CHRONIC, PROGRESSIVE NERVOUS DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY TREMOR, MUSCULAR WEAKNESS & RIGIDITY |
POLIOMYELITIS | INFECTIOUS VIRAL DISEASE AFFECTS THE MOTOR (EFFERENT) NEURONS OF THE BRAIN & SPINAL CORD, RESULTING IN MUSCLE PARALYSIS & WASTING |
POLYNEURITIS (POLY- + NEUR/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF MANY NERVES OR NERVE FIBERS |
POSTPOLIO SYNDROME | SLOW, PROGRESSIVE WEAKENING OF MUSCLES THAT OCCURS IN @ 25% OF POLIOMYELITIS SURVIVORS 20-30 YEARS AFTER INITIAL ILLNESS |
QUADRIPLEGIA (QUADR/I + -PLEGIA) | PARALYSIS OF ALL 4 LIMBS; USUALLY FROM SPINAL CORD INJURY |
REYE SYNDROME | ACUTE ENCEPHALOPATHY AFTER AN ACUTE VIRAL INFECTION |
SCIATICA | SEVERE PAIN ALONG THE COURSE OF SCIATIC NERVE, FROM BACK OF THIGH & DOWN INSIDE OF THE LEG |
SEIZURE | EXCESSIVE IRREGULAR ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ASSOCIATED WITH EPILEPSY |
SHINGLES; HERPES ZOSTER | ACUTE VIRAL INFECTION CHARACTERIZED BY AN INFLAMMATION OF A SPINAL OR CRANIAL NERVE PATHWAY; PRODUCES PAINFUL VESICULAR ERUPTIONS ON THE SKIN |
SUBDURAL HEMATOMA (SUB- + DURA- + -AL) | COLLECTION OF BLOOD BELOW THE DURA MATER & ABOVE THE ARACHNOID MEMBRANE; OFTEN RESULT OF A CLOSED HEAD INJURY |
SYNCOPE | LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS DUE TO A LACK OF BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE BRAIN; FAINTING |
TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC | TEMPORARY INTERFERENCE/INTERRUPTION OF BLOOD SUPPLY TO A PORTION OF THE BRAIN |
TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA; TIC DOULOUREAUX | SEVERE PAIN THAT RADIATES ALONG THE 5TH CRANIAL NERVE & AFFECTS ONE SIDE OF THE HEAD & FACE |
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS (CEREBR/O + SPIN/O + -AL) | LAB ANALYSIS OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (csf) TO DETECT THE PRESENCE OF BACTERIA, BLOOD, & MALIGNANT CELLS & TO MEASURE GLUCOSE & PROTEIN CONTENT |
CRANIOTOMY (CRANI/O + -(O)TOMY) | INCISION INTO THE SKULL TO PROVIDE ACCESS TO THE BRAIN OR TO RELIEVE INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE |
ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY (ECHO- + ENCEPHAL/O + -GRAPHY) | PROCESS OF RECORDING A PICTURE OF THE STRUCTURES OF THE BRAIN USING SOUND WAVES |
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (ELECTR/O + ENCEPHAL/O + -GRAM) | GRAPHIC RECORD OF THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN |
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY (ELECTR/O + ENCEPHAL/O + -GRAPHY) | PROCESS OF RECORDING THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN |
EVOKED POTENTIAL STUDIES | ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC TEST THAT MEASURES THE BRAIN ACTIVITY IN RESPONSE TO VARIOUS TYPES OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION |
LUMBAR PUNCTURE (LB) | INSERTION OF NEEDLE INTO SUBARACHNOID SPACE, USUALLY BETWEEN 3RD/4TH LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, TO WITHDRAW CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; ALSO CALLED SPINAL TAP |
MYELOGRAPHY (MYEL/O + -GRAPHY) | PROCESS OF RECORDING AN X-RAY PICTURE OF THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL CAVITY |
MYELOGRAM (MYEL/O + -GRAM) | X-RAY RECORD OF THE SPINAL CORD & SPINAL CAVITY |
NEURECTOMY (NEUR/O + -ECTOMY) | SURGICAL EXCISION OF A NERVE OR NERVE FIBERS |
PNEUMOENCEPHALOGRAPHY (PNEUM/O + ENCEPHAL/O + -GRAPHY) | PROCESS OF RECORDING X-RAY PICTURE OF VENTRICLES & OTHER FLUID-FILLED CAVITIES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; AIR OR ANOTHER TYPE OF GAS IS USED AS THE CONTRAST MEDIUM. |
ROMBERG TEST | TECHNIQUE USED TO ASSESS & EVALUATE CEREBELLAR FUNCTION & BALANCE |
TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION (TENS) (TRANS- + CUTANE/O + -OUS) | PAIN-RELIEV TREATMENT WHERE ELECTRICAL IMPULSES ARE DELIVERED THROUGH THE SKIN TO NERVE ENDINGS NEAR THE PAIN SITE; THE IMPULESE PREVENT THE TRANSMISSION OF PAIN SIGNALS TO THE BRAIN |
ASTIGMATISM | REFRACTIVE ERROR CAUSING LIGHT RAYS TO BE FOCUSED IRREGULARLY ON THE RETINA DUE TO ABNORMALLY SHAPED CORNEA |
BLEPHARITIS (BLEPHAR/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE EYELIDS |
BELPHAROPTOSIS (BLEPHAR/O + -PTOSIS) | DROOPING OF AN EYELID |
CATARACT | PROGRESSIVE CLOUDINESS OF THE CRYSTALLINE LENS |
CHALZION | CYST OR NODULE ON THE EYELID AS A RESULT OF AN OBSTRUCTED MEIBOMIAN GLAND |
COLOR BLINDNESS | INABILITY TO RECOGNIZE OR "SEE" CERTAIN COLORS |
CONJUNCTIVITIS (CONJUNCTIV/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE CONJUNCTIVIA; ALLSO CALLED PINKEYE |
DACRYOCYSTITIS (DACRYOCYST/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE TEAR SAC OR LACRIMAL SAC |
DETACHED RETINA | SEPARATION OF THE RETINA FROM THE CHOROID LAYER OF THE EYE |
DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (RETIN/O + -PATHY) | DISEASE OF THE RETINA AND ITS CAPILLARIES CAUSED BY LONG-STANDING & USUALLY POORLY CONTROLLED DIABETES MELLITUS |
DIPLOPIA (DIPL/O + -OPIA) | DOUBLE VISION; MAY BE IN ONE OR BOTH EYES |
ECTROPION (ECT- + -TROPION) | TURNING OUTWARD OF THE EYELASH MARGINS, USUALLY AFFECTS THE LOWER EYELID |
ENTROPION (EN- + -TROPION) | TURNING INWARD OF THE EYELASH MARGINS, USUALLY AFFECTS THE LOWER EYELID |
ESOTROPIA (ESO- + -TROPIA) | INWARD TURNING OF THE EYES; ALSO KNOWN AS CONVERGENT STRABISMUS; OR CROSS-EYED |
EXOPHTHALMIA (EX- + OPHTHALM/O + -IA) | ABNORMAL PROTRUSION OF THE EYEBALL(S) |
EXOTROPIA (EX- + -TROPIA) | OUTWARD TURNING OF THE EYES, ALSO KNOWN AS DIVERGENT STRABISMUS; OR CALLED WALLEYED |
GLAUCOMA | INCREASED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE |
HORDEOLUM | BACTERIAL INFECTION OF AN EYELASH FOLLICLE OR SEBACEOUS GLAND; CALLED A "STY" |
HYPEROPIA (HYPER- + -OPIA) | EXCESSIVE VISION OF CLOSE OBJECTS; LIGHT RAYS FOCUS BEYOND THE RETINA; CALLED "FARSIGHTEDNESS" |
IRITIS (IR/O + -ITIS | INFLAMMATION OF THE IRIS |
KERATITIS (KERAT/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE CORNEA |
MYOPIA | IMPAIRED VISION OF DISTANT OBJECTS; LIGHT RAYS FOCUS IN FRONT OF THE RETINA; CALLED "NEARSIGHTEDNESS" |
NYCTALOPIA | IMPAIRED OR INADEQUATE VISION AT NIGHT; CALLED "NIGHT BLINDNESS" |
NYSTAGMUS | INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS OF THE EYE(S); MAY OR MAY NOT BE APPARENT TO THE INDIVIDUAL |
OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM (OPHTHALM/O + -IA NEO- + NAT/O + -UM) | INFLAMMATION OF THE CONJUNCTIVA OF A NEWBORN; CAUSED BY IRRITATION, BLOCKED TEAR DUCT, OR VIRAL INFECTION FROM THE BIRTH CANAL; ALSO CALLED "NEWBORN/NEONATAL CONJUNCTIVITIS" |
PHOTOPHOBIA (PHOT/O + -PHOBIA) | ABNORMAL SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT |
PHOTORETINITIS (PHOT/O + RETIN/O + -ITIS) | DAMAGE OR INFLAMMATION OF THE RETINA DUE TO EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE TO LIGHT |
PRESBYOPIA (PRESBY- + -OPIA) | IMPAIRED VISION DUE TO AGING |
PTERYGIUM | IRREGULAR GROWTH AND THICKENING OF THE CONJUNCTIVA ON THE NASAL SIDE OF THE CORNEA |
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA (RETIN/O + -ITIS | DEGENERATIVE DISEASE OF THE RETINA; WITHOUT INFLAMMATION, RESULTS IN DEFECTIVE NIGHT VISIONA AND DECREASED FIELD OF VISION |
RETINOBLASTOMA (RETIN/O + BLAST/O + -OMA) | MALIGNANT TUMOR OF THE RETINA |
SCLEROKERATITIS (SCLER/O + KERAT/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE SCLERA AND CORNEA |
RETINOPATHY (RETIN/O + -PATHY) | ANY DISEASE OR DISORDER OF THE RETINA |
STRABISMUS | INABILITY OF THE EYES TO GAZE IN THE SAME DIRECTION BECAUSE OF WEAKNESS OF THE EYE MUSCLES |
TACHOMA | CHRONIC, CONTAGIOUS FORM OF CONJUNCTIVITIS CHARACTERIZED BY HYPERTROPHY OF THE CONJUNCTIVA |
UVEITIS (UVE/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE IRIS, CILIARY BODY AND CHOROID |
BLEPHAROPLASTY (BLEPHAR/O + -PLASTY) | SURGICAL REPAIR OR PLASTIC SURGERY OF THE EYELID |
CORNEAL TRANSPLANT (CORNE/O + AL) | SURGICAL TRANSPLANTATION OF A DONOR CORNEA INTO EYE OF A RECIPIENT |
CRYOEXTRATION OF THE LENS | REMOVAL OF THE CRYSTALLINE LENS WITH A COOLING PROBE |
ENUCLEATION OF THE EYE | REMOVAL OF THE EYE FROM THE ORBIT |
EXTRACAPSULAR CATARACT EXTRACTION (ECCE) | REMOVAL OF CRYSTALLINE LENS & ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF LENS CAPSULE |
FUNDUSCOPY (FUND/O + -SCOPY) | EXAMINATION OF THE POSTERIOR INNER PART OF THE EYE, (FUNDUS) USING AN OPHTHALMOSCOPE |
INTRAOCULAR LENS IMPLANT (INTRA- + OCUL/O + -AR) | SURGICAL IMPLANTATION OF A CRYSTALLINE LENS; USUALLY DONE AT TIME OF CATARACT EXTRACTION |
IRIDECTOMY (IRID/O + -ECTOMY) | EXCISION OF A SECTION OF THE IRIS |
KERATOPLASTY (KERAT/O + -PLASTY) | SURGICAL REPAIR OF CORNEA CHARACTERIZED BY EXCISION OF OPAQUE SECTION OF CORNEA |
LASER IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS (LASIK) | PROCEDURE TO CORRECT VISION PROBLEMS, ESPECIALLY MYOPIA, BY REMOVING TISSUE & PERMANENTLY CHANGING THE SHAPE OF THE CORNEA |
OPHTHALMOSCOPY (OPHTHALM/O + -SCOPY) | EXAMINATION OF THE INTERIOR OF THE EYE |
PHACOEMULSIFICATION | BREAKING THE CRYSTALLINE LENS OR ITS CATARACT INTO TINY PARTICLES THAT CAN BE REMOVED BY SUCTION OR ASPIRATION |
PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (PRK) | SURGICAL REMOVAL OF CORNEAL SURFACE CELLS TO CORRECT OR REDUCE MYOPIA |
RADIAL KERATOTOMY (RK) | SPOKE-LIKE INCISION INTO THE CORNEA TO CORRECT NEARSIGHTEDNESS |
RETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION | LASER SURGERY OF RETINA TO CORRECT RETINAL DETACHMENT & PREVENT HEMORRHAGE OR RETINAL BLOOD VESSELS |
SCLERAL BUCKLING | REPAIR OF RETINAL DETACHMENT BY RESECTING OR FOLDING IN THE SCLERA |
TRABECULECTOMY | SURGICAL EXCISION OF PORTION OF CORNEAL & SCLERAL TISSUE TO DECREASE INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE |
TRABECULOPLASTY | SURGICAL CREATION OF A PERMANENT FISTULA TO DRAIN EXCESS AQUEOUS HUMOR FROM ANTERIOR CHAMBER OF EYE TO RELIEVE INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE ASSOCIATED WITH GLAUCOMA |
VITRECTOMY (VITRE/O + -ECTOMY) | SURGICAL REMOVAL OF ALL OR PART OF THE VITREOUS HUMOR |
ACOUSTIC NEUROMA (ACOUST/O + -IC NEUR/O + -OMA) | BENIGN TUMOR OF THE ACOUSTIC NERVE |
CHOLESTEATOMA | SLOW GROWTH CYSTIC MASS/TUMOR MADE UP OF EPITHELIAL CELL DEBRIS & CHOLESTEROL; OCCURS IN THE MIDDLE EAR |
CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS | HEARING LOSS CAUSED BY IMPAIRED TRANSMISSION OF SOUND WAVES THROUGH THE MIDDLE OR EXTERNAL EAR |
IMPACTED CERUMEN | EXCESSIVE ACCUMULATION OF CERUMEN (EARWAX) |
LABYRINTHITIS (LABYRINTH/O + -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OR INFECTION OF THE LABYRINTH OR INNER EAR |
MENIERE DISEASE | CHRONIC INNER EAR DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY VERTIGIO, SENSORIAL HEARING LOSS, TINNITUS; MAUSEA, VOMITING & SWEATING MAY ALSO OCCUR |
MYRINGITIS (MYRING/O = -ITIS) | INFLAMMATION OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE (EARDRUM) |
OTALGIA (OT/O + -ALGIA) | PAIN IN THE EAR; EARACHE |
OTITIS EXTERNA | INFLAMMATION OF THE EXTERNAL EAR CANAL; COMMONLY CALLED "SWIMMER'S EAR" |
OTITIS MEDIA | INFECTION & INFLAMMATION OF THE MIDDLE EAR; COMMONLY CALLED "MIDDLE EAR INFECTION" |
OTOMYCOSIS (OT/O + MYC/O + -OSIS) | FUNGAL INFECTION OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS (OPENING) |
OTORRHEA (OT/O + RRHEA) | DISCHARGE/DRAINAGE FROM THE EAR |
OTOSCLEROSIS (OT/O + -SCLEROSIS) | HEREDITARY; OOSSIFICATION OF THE BONES OF THE MIDDLE EAR; ESPECIALLY THE STAPES; CAUSING TINNITUS & DEAFNESS |
PERFORATION OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE | RUPTURE OR DEVELOPMENT OF HOLES IN THE EARDRUM |
PRESBYCUSIS | IMPAIRED HEARING RELATED TO THE AGING PROCESS |
SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS | LOSS OF HEARING FROM IMPAIRED/DAMAGED AUDITORY NERVE CELLS/TISSUE |
SEROUS OTITIS MEDIA | MIDDLE EAR INFECTION CHARACTERIZED BY ACCUMULATION OF SEROUS FLUID & AIR BUBBLES BEHIND THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
SUPPORTIVE OTITIS MEDIA | MIDDLE EAR INFECTION CHARACTERIZED BY ACCUMULATION OF PURULENT (PUS-FILLED)FLUID BEHIND TYMPANIC MEMBRANE; SYMPTOMS MAY INCLUDE DIZZINESS & TINNITUS |
TINNITUS | RINGING OR TINKLING SENSATION IN THE EARS |
TYMPANITIS | INFLAMMATION OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE; OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH OTITIS MEDIA |
VERTIGO | SENSATION OF SPINNING OR DIZZINESS, USUALLY A RESULT OF A DISTURBANCE OF EQUILIBRIUM |
AUDIOGRAM | GRAPHIC RECORD OF HEARING |
AUDIOMETRY | MEASURING THE SENSE OF HEARING |
MYRINGOPLASTY | SURGICAL REPAIR OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
MYRINGOTOMY | INCISION INTO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
MYRINGOTOMY & TURES | INCISION INTO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE & INSERTION OF TUBES TO ALLOW DRAINAGE OF FLUID THAT ACCUMULATES BEHIND THE EARDRUM |
OTOPLASTY | SURGICAL REPAIR OF ONE OR BOTH OF THE EARS; USUALLY REFERS TO REPAIR OF THE OUTER EAR |
OTOSCOPY | VISUALIZATION & EXAMINATION OF TYMPANIC MEMBRANE USING AN OTOSCOPE |
RINNE TEST | HEARING EXAMINATION THAT COMPARES BONE & AIR CONDUCTION OF SOUND WAVES USING A VIBRATING TUNING FORK |
STAPEDECTOMY (STAPED/O + -ECTOMY) | EXCISION OF THE STAPES |
TYMPANOPLASTY (TYMPAN/O + -PLASTY) | SURGICAL REPAIR OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
TYMPANOTOMY (TYMPAN/O + -OTOMY) | INCISION INTO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE |
WEBER TEST | EXAMINATION OF AUDITORY ACUITY TO DETERMINE WHETHER A HEARING DEFICIT IS CONDUCTIVE OR SENSORINEURAL |