Question | Answer |
Multiplication counting principle | If 1 event can occur in m ways and another can occur in n ways, the number of ways both can occur together is m x n. |
Addition counting principle | If the possibilities being counted can be divided into groups with no possibilities in common, the total number of possibilities is the sum. |
Permutation | An arrangement of objects in which order is important. |
Combination | A selection of objects in which order is not important. |
Compound event | Combines 2 or more events, using the word and or the word or. |
Mutually exclusive events | No common outcomes. |
Overlapping events | At least one common outcome. |
Independent events | One event has no effect on the other. |
Dependent events | One event affects the outcome of the other. |
Conditional probability | If events are dependent, the probability the second one will occur, given the results of the first one. |
Expected value | The sum of the probabilities of an event multiplied by the corresponding outcomes. |
Survey | Study of one or more characteristics of a group. |
Population | The entire group you want information about. |
Random sample | Every population member has an equal chance of being selected. |
Stratified random sample | Population is divided into groups, and members are selected at random from each group. |
Systematic sample | A rule (such as every 3rd one) is used to select members of the population. |
Convenience sample | Easily accessible members of the population are selected. |
Self-selected sample | Members select themselves by volunteering. |
Representative sample | Sample accurately relects the characteristics of the population. |
Biased sample | Sample doesn't represent the population. |
Biased question | Encourages a particular response. |
Measure of central tendency | Indicator of the middle of the data. |
Measure of dispersion | Indicator of how much the data is spread. |
Mean absolute deviation | Average distance from the mean. |
Quartile | Median of an ordered data set |
Upper quartile | Median of the upper half of an ordered data set. |
Lower quartile | Median of the lower half of an ordered data set. |
Interquartile range | Difference between the upper quartile and the lower quartile of a data set. |