Question | Answer |
bureaucracy | The complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large-scale institutions to coordinate the work of their personnel. |
implemention | The efforts of departments and agencies to translate laws into specific bureaucratic routines. |
clientele agencies | Departments or bureaus of government whose mission is to promote, serve, or represent a particular interest. |
regulatory agencies | Departments, bureaus, or independent agencies whose primary mission is to impose limits, restrictions, or other obligations on the conduct of individuals or companies in the private sector. |
Adminstrative Legislation | Rules made by regulatory agencies and commissions. |
Federal Reserve system | Consisting of twelve Federal Reserve Banks, an agency that facilitates exchanges of cash, checks, and credit; it regulates member banks, and it uses monetary policies to fight inflation and deflation. |
Bureaucratic Drift | The oft-observed phenomenon of bureaucratic implementation that produces policy more to the liking of the bureaucracy than to the original intention of the legislation that created it, but without triggering a political reaction from elected officials. |
Oversight | The effort by Congress, through hearings, investigations, and other techniques, to exercise control over the activities of executive agencies. |
Deregulation | A policy of reducing or eliminating regulatory restraints in the conduct of individuals or private institutions. |
Devolution | A policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it or passing it down to a lower level of government, such as from the national government to the states. |
Privatization | Removing all or part of a program from the public sector to the private sector. |
Intermediate Scrutiny | The test used by the Supreme Court in gender discrimination cases. Intermediate scrutiny places the burden of proof partially on the government and partially on the challengers to show that the law in question is constitutional. |