Question | Answer |
Limb Embryology | Lower Limbs lag behind upper limbs |
Week 5 | Arm and Leg Buds appear |
Week 6 | Rapid lengthening and 1st sign of joints |
Week 7 | Continued Growth by the end will see that hand/foot bones |
Week 12 | Ossification of the Long Bones |
Diaphysis | Shaft of the long bone |
Metaphysis | Piece between the shaft and the end |
Epiphysis | Rounded end of the long bone |
Rhizomelic | Relating to the Shoulder or Hip joints |
Mesomelic | The forelimbs or lower legs |
Acromelic | End of the extremities |
Preaxial | Off the thumb |
Postaxial | Off the pinky |
Bones of the Hands | Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges |
Bones of the Feet | Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges |
Joints of the hand | Metacarpophalangeal joint, Proximal interphalangeal joint, Distal interphalangeal joint. |
Hinge Joint | Knee, Flexion/extension in one plane |
Ball and Socket Joint | Should/hip, 3 dimension movement |
Compound Joint | Wrist/ankle, Motion in at least 2 major planes |
Minor Variants of the Hands/Feet | Single Palmar Crease, Deep Plantar crese, Absence of the flexion crease |
Minor Anomalies of the Hands/Feet | Clinodactyly, Tapered Fingers, Polydactyly, Syndactyly, Shortened fourth metacarpal, Overriding Toes, Hammertoes |
Minor Variants of the Joints | Loose jointed, Pes Planus, Bowleg, Knock-Knee |
Deformations of the Limbs | Tibial Bowing, Femoral Bowing, In-toeing/out-toeing |
Disruptions of the Limbs | Amniotic Bands |
Malformations of the Limbs | Macrosomia, Long Limbs, Limb asymmetry, Radial aplasia, Tibial aplasia, Phocomelia, Amelia |
Malformations of the Hands/Feet | Camptodactyly, Ulnar deviation of fingers, Triphalangeal thumb, Ectrodactyly, Monodactyly, Duplication of digits, Syndactyly, Polysndactyly, Localized overgrowth, Macrodactyly, Arachnodactyly, Broad thumbs and toes |
Malformations of the Joints | Joint Webbing, Joint contracturs (escobar), Genu Varum, Genu Valgum. |