Question | Answer |
When two pure substances are combined so that each of the pure substances retains its own properties, the result is a(n) _____ | mixture |
All ____ except mercury are solids at room temperature. | metals |
Qualities of nonmetals | brittle, poor conductors, dull |
Qualities of metals | malleable, ductile, good conductors, shiney |
Is matter destroyed during a chemical change? | No, it changes form |
Describe what happens to a rocket's speed and acceleration as it takes off from Earth. | Both speed and acceleration increase. |
which phase of matter has a definite shape and volume? | solid |
Which phase of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape? | liquid |
Which phase of matter has no definite shape or volume? | gas |
What do metals conduct well? | Heat, Electricity |
How do you find the average speed? | Total distance divided by time |
What has the ability to change the motion of an object? | an unbalanced force |
What can happen to an object when ia force is applied to it? | It can slow down, speed up, or change direction. |
What is inertia? Which of Newton's Laws is this? | A property of matter where matter resists a change in motion. Newtons's First Law |
What is Newton's second law? | Force is equal to mass times acceleration (F=ma) |
What is Newton's Third Law? | Forces alwas act in equal but opposite pairs. |
What are the 6 simple machines? | Lever, Inclined plane, Screw, Pulley, Wheel & axle, Wedge |
A hammer is an example of what simple machine? | Lever |
A skateboard ramp is an example of what simple machine? | Inclined Plane |
The cap on a water bottle is an example of what simple machine? | Screw |
A flag pole uses what simple machine to raise the flag up and down? | Pulley |
A door knob is an example of what simple machine? | Wheel & axel |
An ax is an example of what simple machine? | Wedge |
Define temperature | The average kinetic energy of the particles (atoms or molecules) within an object. |
Define volume | The space that an object takes up. |
What is the difference in density of a gold ring and a gold nugget? | None. The density of an object is a physical property that is unique to each material. |
How do you find the volume of an object using a graduated cylinder? | Place the object in a graduated cylinder with a set amount of water (ex. 50mL) and watch how far the water rises. The difference in the volume. (Ex. If the water rises to 64mL, then the volume is 14mL.) |
What is the atomic number? | The numbe of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
Define isotope. | Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. |
How is the mass of an atom determined? | By the mass of the protons and neutrons. |
How do you find the mass number of an element? | Adding the mass of the protons and neutrons. |
Capable of being extended or shaped by hammering or by pressure from rollers. | Malleable |
Capable of being drawn out into wire or threads. | Ductile |
The capacity of an atom or molecule to undergo a chemical reaction with another atom, molecule, or compound. | Reactivity |
The ability to be ignited. Capacity to burn. | Flammability |
Specific degree of being toxic or poisonous. | Toxicity |
What happens to the atomic number and the atomic weights as you move from left to right on the Periodic Table? | They both increase |
A ______ is when 2 pure substances combine in such a way that each retains its own property. | mixture |
The law of conservation of matter states that... | Matter is neither created or destroyed, it only changes form. |
Vegetable soup, salad and a pizza are examples of a _____. | Heterogeneous Mixture |
A characteristic of matter that allows it to changes its identity (into something new). | chemical property |
Any change of a material into a new material with different properties is called _____. | chemical change |
Rusting metal or burning logs are examples of _____. | chemical change |
A change of state is an example of a _____. | physical change |
Melting, evaporating or freezing is an example of a __________ | change of state |
Is tearing, cutting or smashing a physical or chemical change? | physical |
Color, shape, taste, and density are examples of _______ properties. | physical |
A proton has a _____ charge. | positive |
A neutron has a _____ charge. | neutral |
A electron has a _____ charge. | negative |
The nucleus of an atom has a _____ charge. | positive |
Why does the nucleus of an atom have a positive charge? | Because of the positively charged protons that make up the nucleus along with the neutral neutrons. |
Air, salt water, Koolaid, and steel are examples of a _____ mixture. | homogeneous |
The emission or movement of heat energy through space or a medium, such as air is called _____. | radiation |
Heat from the sun is an example of _____. | radiation |
The transfer of heat energy through a fluid such as air or water is an example of _____. | convection |
The transfer of heat through touching ( as in the handle of a pot which is heating on the stove) is an example of _____. | conduction |
Most materials will _____ when heated. | expand |
What is larger, the atomic mass or number? | atomic mass |
Where can you find the noble gases on the periodic chart? | In the far right column. |
Why are the noble gases stable? | Because their outer energy level is complete. |
What do elements located in the same column of the periodic table have in common? | They react similarly. |
A measure of how difficult it is to stop a moving object is called _____. Also defined as mass X velocity. | momentum |
Acceleration involves a change in what? | speed or direction |
The speed and direction of a moving object is its _____. | velocity |
A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow is its _____. (For ex. How fast syrup pours compared to water) | viscocity |
The freezing point of a substance is _____ its melting point. (Ex. What is the freezing point of water? What is the melting point of ice?) | equal to |
The energy levels of an atom are occupied by ______. | electrons |
An objects resistance to a change in motion is _____. | inertia |
The upward force on a falling object is _____. | air resistance |
When two or more simple machines work together, they are called a _____. | compound machine |