Question | Answer |
FACTOR | A factor of a whole number is another whole number that divides into it without a remainder. |
FACTOR PAIR | A factor pair for a number is two factors whose product equals that number. |
PRIME NUMBER | A whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors: 1 and itself |
COMPOSITE NUMBER | A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors. |
PRIME FACTORIZATION | The prime factorization of a composite number shows that number written as a product of prime numbers.
Ex. The prime factorization of 72 is:
2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 |
COMMON FACTOR | A factor that two or more numbers have in common.
Ex. 5 is a common factor of 15, 25, 40 |
GREATEST COMMON FACTOR (GCF) | The GCF (greatest common factor) is the biggest common factor of two or more numbers.
Ex. factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
factors of 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
6 is the GCF of 12 and 18 |
RELATIVELY PRIME | Two or more numbers are relatively prime if their only common factor is 1.
Ex. 8 and 15 are relatively prime because the only factor they have in common is 1.
Ex. 7 and 9 are relatively prime. |
FACTOR TREE | A diagram used to determine the prime factorization of a composite number. |
NUMERATOR | A numerator is the number above the fraction bar that tells how many equal parts are chosen.
Ex. in the fraction 3/4, 3 is the numerator |
DENOMINATOR | The denominator is the number written below the fraction bar that tells the number of parts a whole is divided into.
Ex. in the fraction 3/4, 4 is the denominator |
DECIMAL | A number that uses a decimal point to show values less than 1, such as tenths and hundredths.
Ex. 2.3, or 2/3, is two and three tenths;
1.25, or 1/25 is one and twenty-five hundredths |
SIMPLEST FORM | A fraction in which the numerator and denominator have no common factors except for 1. |
MULTIPLE | A multiple of a whole number is the product (x) of that number and another whole number.
Ex. 35 is a multiple of 7 since 35 = 7 x 5 |
COMMON MULTIPLE | A multiple that two or more numbers have in common.
Ex. 24 is a common multiple of 3, 8, and 12 |
LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE (LCM) | A LCM (least common multipe) is the smallest common multiple of two or more numbers.
Ex. the LCM of 6 and 15 is 30 |
| A number that contains a whole number and a fraction. |
EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS | Fractions that are equal, meaning they describe the same portion of a whole but use different numbers.
Ex. 1/2 and 2/4 are equivalent fractions |
LOWEST TERMS | A fraction is in lowest terms if its numerator and denominator are relatively prime.
Ex. 3/4 is in lowest terms because the only common factor of 3 and 4 is 1 |
REPEATING DECIMAL | A decimal with a pattern of digits that repeat without stopping. |
POSITIVE NUMBER | A number that is greater than 0. |
NEGATIVE NUMBER | A number that is less than 0. |
OPPOSITES | Two numbers that are the same distance from 0.
Ex. -4 and 4 |
ABSOLUTE VALUE | The distance a number is from 0, this is always a positive number.
Ex. the absolute value of -15 is 15 |