Question | Answer |
epidermis | outer layer |
dermis | inner layer |
subcutaneous | underlying the dermis |
epiermis consists | epithelial, melanocytes, & keratinocytes |
epidermis | not only covers the body but also lines body cavities & covers organs |
melonocytes | responsible for skin colors |
melanin | a pigment (more produced, the darker the skin) |
keratinocytes | produce a protein that infiltrates the outermost layer of epithelia cells & make them tough, waterproof, & resistant to bacteria |
stratum corneum (horny layer) | most superficial layer (continuously being shed) |
epidermis | no blood vessels or nerves |
epidermis function | protection |
epidermis tissue | epithelial tissue |
dernis cells | fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, & plasma cells |
dermis tissue | connective tissue |
dermis function | temperature regulation, sensation, secretion, nutrition, & protection |
basal cell | deepest layer of epidermis |
dermis | lies beneath the layer of the epidermis |
connective tissue | contain hair follicles, blood vessels, nerves, & glands |
blood vessels in dermis | nutrient supplier for the skin |
thermoregulation | blood vessels that help control inner body temp thru a process |
sensory receptors in the dermis | responsible for our sense of touch |
glands in dermis | secrete substances necessary for skin maintenance & function |
tissue of dermis | strengthen & protect the skin |
fibroblasts (tissue) | produces collagen, protein that makes the skin tough & durable |
macrophages (tissue) | engulf bacteria & other potentially harmful foreigh substances |
mast cells (tissue) | produce histamine |
plasma cells (tissue) | produce antibodies |
histamine & antibodies | act against foreign materials |
subcutaneous tissue | connects the dermis to inner structures & provides insulation |
integumentary system | skin & accessory organs such as hair, nails, sweat glands, oil glands |
hair is formed | in a hair follicle |
shaft of hair consists | keratinized cells |
hair consists | epidermal cells |
nail & cuticle consist | keratinized epithelial cells |
sebaceous glands | secrete sebum (oil) which keeps skin soft & waterproof |
sudoriferous glands | secrete sweat to cool the skin |
ceruminous glands | secrete cerumen in the ear to prevent infection |
cry/o | cold |
leuk/o | white |
papill/o | nipple-like |
scler/o | hardening |
xer/o | dry |
-ism | process |
-ium; -um | structure |
-sis | state of; condition |
albinism | lack of pigment in the skin, hair, & eyes |
albin/o | white |
skin biopsy | removal of living tissue for microscopic examination |
cyan/o | blue |
cyanotic | pertaining to a blusish discoloration of skin |
-itis | inflammation |
dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
dermatology | study of the skin and its disease |
dermatologist | one who specializes in the study of the skin and its diseases |
hypodermic | pertaining to below the skin; |
hypo- | under; below |
-plasty | surgical reconstruction |
dermatoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the skin; surgical replacement of injured or diseased skin |
diaphor/e | profuse sweating |
diaphoresis | state of profuse sweating |
electr/o | electric |
-lysis | breakdown; destruction |
electrolysis | destruction of tissue by electricity; used to remove unwanted body hair |
epitheli/o | covering |
-al | pertaining to |
epithelium | structure made up of epithelial cells covering the internal & external surfaces of the body |
epithelial | pertaining to the epithelium |
erythemat/o | red |
-ous | pertaining to |
erythematous | pertaining to a redness of the skin (is an adj) |
erythr/o | red |
hidr/o | sweat |
-osis | abnormal condition |
a(n)- | no; not; lack of |
anhidrosis | lack of sweat |
hyper- | excessive; above normal |
hyperhidrosis | excessive secretion of the sweat |
kerat/o; keratin/o | hard; hornlike |
-cyte | cell |
hyperkeratosis | excessive growth of the outer layer of skin (horny layer) |
keratinocyte | cells that produce keratin |
-oma | tumor; mass |
lipoma | tumor or mass containing fat |
suction | process of aspiration or withdrawing |
liposuction | withdrawl of ft from the subcutaneous tissue |
melan/o | black |
melanocyte | cell that produces melanin |
myc/o | fungus |
dermat/o | skin |
dermatomycosis | fungal infection of the skin |
necr/o | death |
-tic | pertaining to |
necrotic tissue | pertaining to death of tissue |
onych/o | nail |
para | beside; near |
eponychium (ep-oh-NICK-ee-um) | structure upon the nail; the cuticle |
onychomycosis (on-ih-koh-my-KOH-sis) | fungal infection of the nail |
paronychia (par-oh-NICK-ee-ah) | inflammation of the tissue around the nail |
pil/o | hair |
pilosebaceous (pye-loh-seh-BAY-shus) | pertaining to hair follicles & sebaceous glands |
seb/o | sebum |
py/o | pus |
-genic | producing |
pyogenic | pus producing |
ras/o | scrape |
ab- | away from |
abrasion | scraping away of the superficial layers of injured skin (injury from a floor burn) |
rhytid/o | wrinkle |
-ectomy | surgical excision; removal |
rhytidectomy (reye-tid-EC-tom-y) | removal of wrinkles; facelift |
-rrhea | flow; discharge |
seborrhea | increased dischargeof sebum from the sebaceous glands |
steat/o | fat |
steatoma (stee-ah-TOH-mah) | fatty tumor of the sebaceous glands |
ungu/o | nail |
periungual (per-ee-UNG-gwal) | pertaining to around the nail |
peri- | around |
derma- | skin |
dermabrasion | scraping away of the top layer of skin using sandpaper or wire brushes to remove tattoos or disfigured skin |
dermis; -derma | skin |
epidermis | abover the dermis |
erythroderma (er-rith-roh-DER-mah) | redness of the skin |
erythr/o | red |
leukoderma (loo-koh-DER-mah) | lack of pigmentation of the skin showing up as white patches; vitiligo |
pyoderma | any pus-producing disease of the skin |
scleroderma | abnormal thickening of the dermis, usually starting in the hands & feet |
scler/o | hardening |
xer/o | dry |
xeroderma | dry skin of a chronic (continuous) nature |
aden/o | gland |
adenoma (ad-eh-NOH-mah) | glandular tumor |
carcin/o | cancerous |
carcinoma (kar-sih-NOH-mah) | malignant tumor of epithelial cells |
basal cell carcinoma | malignant tumor that is most common & least harmful type of skin cancer usually caused by overexposure to the sun |
squamous cell carcinoma | malignant tumor that is more harmful & has a faster growing rate & tendency to metastasize to other body systems |
hem/o | blood |
angi/o | vessel |
hemangioma (heh-man-jee-OH-mah) | common, benign tumor of blood vessels most often seen in chidren or infants (birthmarks or nevi) |
melanoma | tumor arising from the melanocytes; usually malignant |
papill/o | nipple-like |
papilloma (pap-ih-LOH-mah) | benign epithelial tumor |
-therapy | treatment |
cryotheraphy | destruction of tissue by freezing w/liquid nitrogen |
laser | intense beam of light |
laser therapy | removal of skin lesions such as papillomas & hemangiomas, using an intense beam of light |
bx | biopsy |
SC; subq; subcut | subcutaneous |
UV | ultraviolet |
derm | dermatology |