Question | Answer |
abrasion | a scrarping or rubbing away of skin or mucous as a result of friction to the area |
abscess | a localized collection of pus in any part of the body |
albino | an individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin |
alopecia | partial or complete loss of hair |
amputation | the surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or a part of a limb, performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb |
basal layer | the deepest of five layers of the epidermis |
bedsore | an inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body-resulting from loss of blood supply & oxygen to the area due to prolonged prssure on the body part |
blackhead | an open comedo, caused by accumaltion of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle |
blister | a small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid, a vesticle |
boil | a localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle, a furuncle |
bruise | a bluish0black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of an injury to the area |
bulla | a large blister |
debridement | removal of debris, foregin objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and to promote healing |
cyst | a closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid, semi fluid, or solid material |
cyanosis | a conition of a bluish discoloration of the skin |
cuticle | a fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail |
cutaneous membrane | the skin |
curettage | the process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material |
cryosurgery | a noninvasive treatment that uses subfrezzing temperature to freze and destroy the tissue |
corium | the dermis, the layer of the skin just under the epidermis |
contusion | an injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin |
comedo | the typical lesion of acne vulgaris, casued by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle |
closed comedo | whitehead |
open comedo | blackhead |
collagen | the protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligaments and fascia |
cicatrix | a scar, the pale, firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound |
ceruminous gland | a mdodified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish-brown waxy substance called cercumen (or ear wax) |
cercumen | ear wax |
cellulite | a diffuse acute infection of the skin and substance tissue, characterized by localized heat, deepredness, pain and swelling |
carbuncle | a circumscibed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface |
dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
dermatologist | a physician who specializes in the treatment of dieases and disorders of the skin |
dermatology | the study of the skin |
dermis | the layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis, the corium |
diaphoresis | the secretion of sweat |
ecchymosis | a bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area; also known as a bruise or a black-and-blue mark |
electrodesiccation | a technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue, used primarily for the removal of surface lesions |
epidermis | the outermost layer of the skin |
hair root | the portion of a stran of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle |
hair follicle | the tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft |
gangrene | death of tissue, most often involving the extermities |
furuncle | a localized pus-producing infection orginating deep in a hair follicle, a boil |
fistula | an abnormal passageway between two tublar organs |
fissure | a cracklike sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane |
exfoliation | peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling of the skin after a severe sunburn |
excoriation | an injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma, such as scratching or abrasions |
erythroderma | redness of the skin due to capillary dilatation |
erythremia | an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells |
erythema | redness of the skin due to capillary dilatation |
epithelium | the tissue that covers the internal and external surfaces of the body |
epidermoid cyst | a cyst filled with a chessy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland, also known as a sebaceous cyst |
kertain | a hard fibrous protein found inthe epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals |
integumentary system | the body ystem consisting of the skin, sweat glands and sebaceous glands |
integument | the skin |
icthyosis | am inherited dermatologist condition in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic(hardend), and fissured-resembling fish scales |
hydrocele | a collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male |
hives | circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center thab its surrounding edges |
histocyte | macrophage; a large phagocytic cell(cell that ingests microoraganisms, other cells, and foregin particles)occuring in the walls of blood vessels and loose conective tissue |
histamine | a substance(found in all cells)that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions |
hirsutism | excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occuring in women |
heparin | a natural anticogulant substance produced by the body tissues |
hemangioma | a benign(nonmaligant)tumor that consists of a mass of blood vesselsand has a reddish-purple color |
hair shaft | the visble part of the hair |
pimple | a papule or pustule of the skin |
petechia | small, pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin |
perspiration | the clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands |
pediculosis | infestion with lice |
paronychia | inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail; also called runaround |
papule | a small, solid, circumscribed elevation on the skin |
pachyderma | abnormal thicjening of the skin |
onychophagia | the habit of bitting the nails |
oil gland | one of the many small glands located in the dermis. its secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin |
onychomycsis | any fungal infection of the nails |
nodule | a small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin |
onycholysis | seperation of a fingernail from its bed, beginning at the free margin |
nail body | the visble part of the nail |
urticaria | a reaction of the skin in which there is an apperance of smooth, slightly elevated patches(wheals)that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompained by servere icthing(pruitus) |
wheal | a circumscribed, slightly elevated lesion of the skin that is paler in the center than its surrounding edges, hives |
whitehead | a closed comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle |
vitilgo | a skin disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches o fskin of varying sizes that are surrounded by skin with normal pigementation |
vescile | a small thin-walled skin lesion conatining clear fuild, a blister |
ulcer | a circumscribed open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompained by inflammtaion |
sweat | the clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands; also known as perspiration |
xanthaderma | any yellow coloration of the skin |
xeroderma | a chronic skin collection characterized by roughness and dryness |
telangiectasis | the permanent dilation of groups of superfical capillaries and venules |
suborifererous gland | a sweat gland |
subungual hermatoma | a collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma(injury) |
strecth marks | linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid grwoth |
subsutaneous tissue | the fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis |
stratum corneum | the outermost layer of the epidermis(consisting of dead cells that have converted to keratin), which continually sluffs off or flakes away |
stratum | a uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells |
stratum basale | the layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced, pushing older cells toward the outermost surface of the skin |
startified | layered; arranged in layers |
squamous epithelium | the single layer of flatterned platelike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces |
polyp | a small, stalklike growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk |
pores | openings of the skin through with substances suach as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excerted |
pruitus | itching |
scales | thin flakes of hardend epitheliun shed from the epidermis |
purpura | a group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes, small, pinpoint hemorrhages are known as petechia and larger homorrhagic areas known as ecchymoses or bruises |
pustule | a small elevation of the skin filled with pus; a small abscess |
sebaceous cyst | a cyst filled with a chesy material consisting of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland; also known as epidermoid |
sebacceous gland | an oil gland located in the dermis; its secerations provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin |
seborrha | excessive seceration of sebum, reulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales |
skin tags | a small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occuring frequently on the neck; also known as a cutaneous papilloma |
sebum | the oily secerations of the sebaceous glands |
squamous epithelial cells | flat scalelike cells arranged in layer(strata) |
keratolytic | an agent used to break down or loosen the horny(hardend) layer of the skin |
laceration | a tear in the skin |
lanugo | soft, very fine hair that covers the body of the developing fetus; this hairy coating is almost completely gone by birth |
lesion | any visble damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil |
lipocyte | a fat cell |
lumla | the crescent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail |
macrophage | a large phagocytic cell(cell that ingest microorganisms, other cells, and foregin particles)occuring in the walls of blood vesseks and loose connective tissue |
macule | a small, flat discolration of the skin that is neither rasied or depressed |
mast cell | a cell(found within the connective tissue)that contains herparin and histamine |
melanin | a black or dark pigment(produced by melanocytes within the epidermis)that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light |
melanocytes | cells responsible for producing melanin |