Question | Answer |
Describe the hypothalamus | bottom half of the diencephalon
influence the thyroid and pituitary glands |
Describe the hypothalamus | serves as a link between the endocrine and nervous system |
Describe the pineal gland | shaped like a pinecone
attached to the posterior part of the third ventricle of the brain
secretes meltonin |
Decribe the thyroid | largest gland
H- shaped
two lobes seperate by an isthmus |
Describe the pituitary | aka hypophysis |
Describe the pituitary | pea sized-located at the base of the brain |
Describe the pituitary | mastergland |
Describe the pituitary | regulates many body activities
stimulates other glands to secrete hormones |
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary | ACTH- adrenal cortex |
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary | FSH- ovaries and testes |
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary | GH- somatotropin(bones, cartilage,liver,muscle,other tissues |
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary | LH-ovaries and testes |
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary | PRL- breasts |
Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary | TSH-thyroid gland |
2 hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary and their target organ/tissue | ADH-kidney
Oxytocin-uterus and breasts |
3 types of steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | Glucocorticoids-bosy cells
Mineralocorticoids-kidneys
Sex hormones- female libido |
2 hormones secreted by the adrenal medula and their function | Epinephrine
norepinephrine-sympathetic nervous systems |
what is the function of the endocrine gland | secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream |
what is the function of the parathyroid glands | increases blood calcium levels |
where are the adrenal glands located | the superior surface of the kidneys |
3 disorders associated with the thyroid gland | Cretinism
Myxedema
Graves disease |
Signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome | moonface
hirsutism
fatigue
purple striae
high blood sugar |
what causes acromegaly | hypersecretion of GH |
signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes | constant urination
abnormal thirst
unusual hunger
rapid weight loss
irritability
obvious weakness or fatigue
nausea/vomiting |
signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes | drowsingness
itching
family history
blurred vision
excessive weight
tingling
easily fatigues
skin infection |
what is the treatment for type 1 diabetes | insulin |
abnormal condition of low sodium in the blood | hyponatremia |
abnormal overgrowth of the entire body | gigantism |
adnormally low amount of calcium in the blood | hypocalcemia |
an organ that contains the islets of Langerhans | pancreas |
balance in the internal environment | homeostasis |
condition of being abnormally small | drawfism |
condition of eating abnormally large amount of food | polyphagia |
excessive accumulation of fat in the body | obesity |
excessive amount of calcium in the blood | hyercalcemia |
excessive amount of potassium in the blood | hyperkalemia |
excessive amount of sugar in the blood | hyperglycemia |
excessive distribution of body hair | hirsutism |
excessive secretion | hypersecretion |
extreme depletion of potassium in the blood | hypokalemia |
formation of glucose from glycogen | glucogenesis |
human growth hormone | somatotropin |
inadequate secretion | hyposecretion |
incresed formation and secretion of urine | diuresis |
inner section of the adrenal gland | adrenal medulla |
lack of development | atrophy |
marked enlargement and thickening of the bones of the face and jaw | acromegaly |
mineral salts that carry an electrical charge | electrolytes |
outer section of the adrenal gland which secrets steroids | adrenal cortex |
presence of glucose in the urine | glucosuria |
produced in the adremal medulla:raises blood pressure | norepinephrine |
protrusion of the eyes | exophthalmos |
surgical excision of the adrenal gland | adrenalectomy |
surgical excision of the thyroid gland | thyroidectomy |
test that measures blood glucose levels after a 12-hour fast | fasting blood glucose |
test that measures thyroid function | readioactive iodine uptake |
the study of ductless glands and their secretions | endocrinology |
thyroid poisoning | thyrotoxic |
too little sugar in the blood | hypoglycemia |
tumour of a gland | adenoma |
underdevelopment of internal secretions of male sex glands | hypogonadism |
ACTH | adrenalcorticotropic hormone |
ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
BMI | body mass index |
DKA | diabetic ketoacidosis |
FSH | follicle stimulating hormone |
GH | growth hormone |
HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
K | potassium |
PRL | prolactin |
RAUI | radioactive iodine uptake |
T3 | triiodothyronine |
T4 | Thyroxine |
TFT | thyroid function test |
TSH | thyroid stimulating hormone |