Question | Answer |
What are rugae | folds in the stomach |
what are rugae | secrete hydrochloric acid and enzymes |
what are the accessory organs of the GI system | liver
pancreas
gallbladder |
what are the four divisions of the colon | ascending colon
descending colon
transverse colon
sigmoind colon |
what are the functions of the liver | produce bile
remove glucose from the blood
store vitamins B12,A,D,E,K |
what are the functions of the liver | maintain glucose levels
destroy old RBC's
synthesize proteins that circulate the blood |
what are the three main components of the large intestine | colon
cecum
rectum |
what are the three main parts of the stomach | body
function
pylorus |
what are the two structures that form the roof of the mouth | hard palate
soft palate |
what is the medical term for the mouth | oral cavity |
what is another name for the GI tract | alimentary canal |
what are villi | microscopic finger-like projections |
where does peristalsis occur | from the pharynx to the colon |
where is digestion completed | small intestines |
what is a volvulus | a life threatening obstruction in which the bowels twist on itself |
what are hemorrhoids | enlarged veins in the mucous membrane of the anal canal |
what caused hepatitis A | ingestion of contaminated food, water or milk |
what is diverticulosis | small blister like pockets develop in the inner lining of the large intestine |
what is ulcerative colitis | chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and rectum |
where are ulcers commonly found | stomach
duodenum |
where do inguinal hernias develop | in the groin where the abdominal folds of flesh meet the thigh |
which large intestine disorder is associated with a higher risk of colon cancer | ulcerative colitis |
a lesion of the skin or mucous membrane which frequently develops in the duodenum or stomach | ulcer |
a test in which stool samples are collected to determine gastrointestinal bleeding | occult blood |
abmormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen | ascites |
abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through the structures that normally contain it | hernia |
act of swallowing | deglutition |
an organ below the liver which stores and empties bile through its ducts into the small intestines | gallbladder |
an organ which used ducts to provide exocrine secretions to the duodenum to aid in degestion | pancreas |
backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach | regurgitation |
chewing | mastication |
fecal concretion | fecalith |
first 2-3" of the large intestine | cecum |
first portion of the colon, extending from the lower border of the liver | ascending colon |
formation of gallstones | cholelithiasis |
gas in the GI tract | flatus |
inflammation and ulceration of the innermost lining of the colon | uncerative colitis |
imflammation of a sac-like bulge that may develop in the wall of the large intestine | diverticulitis |
inflammation of the mouth of the stomach | stomatitis |
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat | anorexia |
last portion of the GI tract | rectum |
lower division of the small intestine | ileum |
measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood | serum bilirubin |
offensive, or ''bad' breath | halitosis |
one who speacializes in deseases of the colon, rectum, and anus | proctologist |
passage of dark-coloured, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices | melena |
passage of fat in large amounts in the feces | steatorrhea |
pertaining to the abdomen | celiac |
pertaining to the cheek | bucca |
procedue for crushing a stone | lithotripsy |
producing gas from the stomach | eructation |
progressive, wavelike movement | peristalsis |
radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestines | upper GI series |
radiographic examination of the rctum and colon | lower GI series |
radiographic record of the gallbladder | cholecystogram(graphy) |
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance | borborygmus |
scarring and dysfucntion of the liver | cirrosis |
second division of the small intestine | jejunum |
secord portion of the colon that passes horizontally across the abdomen toward the spleen | transvers colon |
severe constipation | obstipation |
sturcture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter | pyloric stenosis |
surgical formation of an opening from the ileum through the abdonminal wall | enterostomy |
surgical formation of an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall | ileostomy |
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another | anastomosis |
surgical repair of the lip | cheiloplasty |
swallowing air | aerophagia |
the largest glandular organ | liver |
the passage of unformed watery bowel movements | diarrhea |
to eat | ingest |
vomiting of blood | hematemisis |
when nutients are digested but are not taken in by the intestinal tissues | malabsorption |
white patches that form on the tongue, lips or cheek | leukoplakia |
Ba | barium |
BaE, BE | barium enema |
BM | bowel movement |
BMI | body mass index |
CF | cystic fibrosis |
CT | computed tomography |
EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
GB | gallbladder |
GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
GI | gastrointestinal |
HBV | hepatitis B virus |
IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
LFT | liver function test |
PE | physical examination |
PMH | past menstrual history |
PPUD | peptic ulcer disease |
R/O | rule out |
RGB | Roux-en-Y gastric bypass |
STAT | immediatley |
ERCP | endoscopic retrograde choluniopancreatography |