Question | Answer |
general term to describe liver inflammation | hepatits |
causes of hepatitis | immunologic damage, toxic damage (alcohol, drugs, poisons, chemicals), infections (viral, bacterial, protozoal, fungal) |
WBC in hepatitis | normal to low |
AST in hepatitis | striking elevation early (20x normal) |
ALT in hepatitis | striking elevation early (20x normal) |
__ often precedes the appearance of jaundice, may become incidental indicator of liver injury | bilirubinuria |
usually not needed for diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis, but very useful in staging chronic hepatitis C | liver biopsy |
the acute viral hepatitides | A and E |
the chronic viral hepatitides | B, C, and D |
Hepatitis A and E are transmitted via | fecal/oral route |
hepatitis B, C, and D are transmitted via | percutaneous permucosal/blood/blood derived body fluids |
diagnosis of acute infection by presence of | IgM anti-HAV |
presence of IgG anti-HAV indicates | previous exposure to HAV, noninfectivity and immunity |
used to be called serum hepatitis | hepatitis B |
first evidence of infection , persists throughout clinical illness, detection establishes infetion with HBV and implies infectivity | HBsAg |
appears after clearance of HBsAg and after successful vaccination against Hep B, detection signals recovery from HBV infection, noninfectivity and immunity | anti-HBs |
appears soon after HBsAg, before anti-HBs, presecne with acute hepatitis symptoms indicate acute Hep B, persists for 3-6 months | Anti-HBc IgM |