Question | Answer |
the thyroid has a __ day reserve supply of thyroxine | 50 |
the thyroid synthesizes __ mcg of thyroxine per day | 100 |
thyroid hormone synthesis requires a minimum of __mcg of elemental iodine/day | 60 |
recommended daily intake of elemental iodine __mcg | 150 |
in the thyroid thyroglobulin is stored in __ | folicles |
severe illness or starvation decreases | total T3, and free T3 |
__ is increased by estrogen, decreased by androgen | TBG |
imaging modality used to monitor thyroid cancers | PET scan |
What can a thyroid do | overact, under-perform, enlarge |
weight loss, heat intolerance, palpitations/tachycardia | hyperthyroid history |
weight gain, fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance | hypothyroid history |
rapid pulse, onycholysis, exopthalmos, thyroid enlargement, bruit, tachycardia, brisk DTR relaxation phase | hyperthyroid examination |
bradycardia, dry skin and hair, periorbital edema, delayed DTR relaxation phase | hypothyroid examination |
exopthalmos is seen only in __ | Graves Disease |
Etiology: Auto-antibody reacting with the TSH receptor.Symmetric non-tender goiter (80%) (bruit is pathognomonic), Ocular findings (30%), Pretibial myxedemaexam: | Graves Disease |
medical treatment for Graves Disease | PTU, Methimazole, Beta-blocker (propranolol, or atenolol) |
no increased cancer risk after 50 years of __ use | radioactive iodine |
favorable prognosticators for remission | small goiter, free T3 predominance, negative TSI titer, decrease in goiter size with thionomide therapy |
toxic nodule can lead to what type of fingernail pathology | onycholysis |
when the finger nail peels away from the nail bed in the absence of trauma | onycholysis |
Thyroid hormone leakage from destruction of the thyroid gland secondary to a viral infection (? Mumps), pain in the thyroid, fever, enlarged, very tender thyroid gland | subacute thyroiditis |
Transient autoimmune dysfunction, sudden onset of hyperthyroidism, can be seen post-partum, enlarged, nodular thyroid | silent thyroiditis |
Pre-existing untreated or inadequately treated thyrotoxicosis, Precipitating event: infection, trauma,fever, profuse sweating, tachycardia, tremulousness/restlessness, delirium/psychosis, N/V, later stupor, coma, hypotension | Thyrotoxic Crisis (Thyroid Storm) |
Insufficient amount of thyroid hormone, elevated TSH, hypometabolic, increased cholesterol | hypothyroidism |
__ hypothyroidism, loss of functioning thyroid tissue | primary |
__ hypothyroidism- impairment of hormone biosynthesis with compensatory thyroid enlargement, lithium therapy, iodine deficiency or excess | goitrous |
__ hypothyroidism- lack of TSH, pituitary or hypothalamic failure | central |
thyroxine therapy dose is constant except with __, at which time the dose is increased by at least 50% | pregnancy |
thyroxine therapy dose is constant except with __, at which time the dose is decreased by 20-30% | age greater than 65 |
thyroxine therapy dose is constant except with __ | menopause |
side effects of thyroxine therapy | osteoporosis, increased cardiac contractility, increased risk of atrial fibrillation, allergic reaction to dy in tablets |
general term for enlargement of the thyroid gland | goiter |
diffuse or nodular enlargement of the thyroid gland that does not result from an inflammatory or neoplastic process and is not associated with abnormal thyroid function | nontoxic goiter |
-- thyroid enlargement that occurs in more than 10% of a population | endemic goiter |
result of environmental or genetic factors that do not affect the general population | sporadic goiter |
__% of the world’s population lives in a region that has iodine deficiency (primarily in Asia, Latin American, central Africa, and regions of Europe) | 29 |
treatment for thyroid carcinoma | thyroidectomy by experienced surgeon |