Term | Definition |
Sum | the answer to an addition problem |
Diffirence | the answer to an subtraction |
Product | the answer to a multiplication problem |
Quotient | the answer to a division problem |
Whole Number | a number without a fraction; an interger |
Rational Number | can be written as a number |
Interger | a number with no fractional parts |
Absolute Value | how far a number is from zero |
Commutative Property | number states that two or more numbers can be multiplied/added
in any order |
Associative Property | states that for all real numbers a,b,c the sum/product is always the same |
Distributive Property | for all real numbers a,b,c, a(b+c)= ab+ac and a(b-c)=ab=ac |
Identity Property | states that the sum/product is 1 and its self |
Opposite | two numbers that are equal distance from zero on a number line; also called additive inverse |
Additive Inverse | the opposite of a number |
Numeric Expression | an expression that contains only numbers and operations |
Algebraic Expression | an expression that contains at least one variable |
Order of Operations | rule: parenthesis, exponents, multiplication/division, addition/subtraction |
Variable | a symbol represented a quantity that can change |
Constant | a value that does not change |
Coefficent | the number that is multiplied by the variable in an algebraic expression |
Evaluate | to find the value of a numerical expression |
Simplify | to write a fraction in simplest form |
Solution | the set of values that make a statement true |
Term | Expression: the parts of an expression that are added or subtracted
Sequence: an element or number in a sequence |
Like Term | terms with the same variables raised to the same exponets |
Perimeter | the distance around a polygon |
Expression | a mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers or variables |
Equation | a mathematical sentence that shows that two expressions are equivalent |
X-axis | the horizontal axis on a coordinate plane |
Y-axis | the vertical axis on a coordinate plane |
Bar graph | a graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to display data |
Line Graph | a graph that uses line segments to show how data changes |
Stem- and-Leaf plot | a graph used to organize and display data so that the frequencies can be compared |
Box- and - whisker plot | a graph shows how data are distributive by using the median, quartiles, least value, and greatest value |
Circle graph | a circular chart divided into section that represent percentage of that total |
Measures of central tendency | mean, median, mode |
Measures of variability | range, interquartile range |
Mean | add all the numbers and divide by how many numbers are in a data set. |
Median | the middle number in a data set. |
Mode | the most common number in a data set. |
Range | the difference between the biggest and smallest number |
Outlier | a value much greater or much less in a data set. |
Lower Extreme | smallest value. |
Upper Extreme | largest value. |
First Quartile | median of lower half |
Second Quartile | Median. |
Third Quartile | median of upper half. |
Interquartile range | the difference between the upper and lower extremes in a box-and-whisker plot. |
Percent | a ratio comparing a number to 100 |
Ratio | comparison of two quantities in division. |
Rate | a ratio compares two quantities measured in different rates |
Unit Rate | a rate in which the second quantity in the comparison is 1 unit. |
Multiplicative Inverse | one of two numbers whose product is 1. |
Reciprocal | one of two numbers whose product is 1; also called multiplicative inverse. |
Equivalent | having the same value. |
Compare | to compare two or more things. |
Repeating Decimal | a decimal that repeats forever. |
Terminating Decimal | a decimal that has digits that DO NOT go on forever. |
Numerator | the number above the line in a fraction |
Denominator | the number below the line in a fraction. |
Least Common Multiple (LCM) | smallest number that they both divide into. |
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) | greatest factor that divides 2 numbers |
Line Plot (or Dot Plot) | shows frequency of data along a number line. |
Population | everybody in a group |
Sample | part of a population |
Random Sample | every member of a population has an equal chance of being chosen |
Biased Sample | Unfair sample |
Convenience Sample | a sample that is easy to get |