Question | Answer |
microbes are also called? | microorganisms |
pathogenic are | disease producing microorganisms |
the ___ is the first name and is always capitalized in scientific nomenclature | genus |
living things too small to be seen with the unaided eye are called? | microorganisms |
in a ___ system each living organism is assigned two names | nomenclature system |
nomenclature system was designed by | Carolus Linnaeus (1735) |
Two names consist of a genus and a specific epithet are both | underlined or italicized |
bacterial cells with their genetic material no enclosed in a special nuclear membrane | prokaryotes |
unicellular organisms and are prokaryotic | bacteria |
3 major basic shapes of bacteria are | 1. bacillus2. coccus3. spiral |
cell walls that are composed of a carbohydrate and protein complex are called | peptidoglycan |
Bacteria generally reproduce by dividing into 2 equal cells, a process called | binary fission |
___ can use a wide range of chemical substances for nutrition | bacteria |
____ consist of prokaryotic cells and lack peptidoglycan | archaea |
3 types of archaea | 1. methanogens 2. extreme halophiles 3. extreme thermophiles |
____ cells have a true nucleus | eukaryotic cells |
___ have eukaryotic cells and are multicellular | fungi |
3 types of fungi | mushroomsmoldsyeasts |
___ obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their enviroment | fungi |
___ are unicellular eukaryotes and obtain nourishment by absorption through specialized structures | protozoa |
___ are unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes that obtain nourishment by photosynthesis | algae |
__ are noncellular enities that are parasites of cells | viruses |
organisms are classified into what 3 groups | bacteriaarchaeaeukarya |
eukarya include | 1. protists 2. fungi 3. plants/animals |
who observed that a cork was composed of cells | Robert Hooke (1665) |
flatworms and roundworms are called | helminths |
cell theory | all living things are composed of cells |
who was the first to see microorganisms | Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673) |
the idea that living organisms could arise from nonliving matter | spontaneous generation |
living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells | biogenesis |
techniques that prevent contamination by unwanted microorganisms | aseptic techniques |