| Question |
Answer |
| Cervical disc degeneration | spondylosis |
| cervical sprain | whiplash |
| C1 burst fx | Jefferson fx |
| C2 fx/dislocation from hyperextension and distraction | hangman's fx |
| C7 spinous process fx | Clay shoveler's fx |
| An injury to the glenoid labrum that can be described as Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior. | SLAP lesion |
| 95% of all shoulder dislocations | Anterior shoulder dislocation |
| cortical depression in the head of the humerus bone.from forceful impaction of the humeral head against the anteroinferior glenoid rim when the shoulder is dislocated anteriorly. | Hill Sachs |
| An avulsion of the anteroinferior glenoid labrum at its attachment to IGHL complex. | Bankhart lesion |
| Dislocation caused by an anterior force, seizure, or electric shock, and is fairly uncommon | Posterior shoulder dislocation |
| This injury can damage the radial nerve. | Humeral shaft fracture |
| Medial epicondylitis | golfer's elbow |
| Lateral epicondylitis | Tennis elbow |
| dislocation of the elbow joint caused by a sudden pull on the extended pronated arm. The head of the radius slips out of the annular ligament | Nurse maid's elbow |
| 90% of elbow dislocations are in this direction | posterior |
| Most common elbow fracture in kids | supracondylar |
| Ulnar shaft fracture with proximal radius dislocation. | Monteggia fracture |
| Radial fracture with distal ulna dislocation | Galeazzi fracture |
| Isolated ulna fracture caused by direct blow to the forearm | Night stick fracture |
| 90% of distal radial fractures. Usually from a FOOSH. Dorsal angulation of distal fragment | Colles fracture |
| Distal radial fracture from a fall on the back of the hand. Causes a volar angulation of the distal fragment. | Smith fracture |
| Most common carpal fracture, at an increased risk for avascular necrosis | scaphoid fracture |
| fracture of the distal 5th metacarpal | Boxer's or Brawler's fracture |
| Forced flexion of the finger from an axial load, causing rupture of extensor digitorum to DIP. | Mallet finger |
| Thickened palmar fascia forms nodules over the flexor tendons causing a flexion contracture. Most common at ring and pinky finger. | Dupuytren's contracture |
| occurs when the motion of the tendon that opens and closes the finger is limited, causing the finger to lock or catch | trigger finger |
| Caused by abduction stress at the thumb. UCL injury | Skier's thumb (gamekeeper's thumb) |
| bony growths on the terminal (DIP). interphalangeal joints of the fingers | Heberden's nodes |
| hard, bony outgrowths or gelatinous cysts on the proximal interphalangeal joints | Bouchard's nodes |
| flexion of DIP and hyperextension of PIP | swan neck deformity |
| Loss of central slip insertion on proximal dorsal middle phalanx. Flexion fo PIP and hyperextension of DIP. | boutonnieres deformity |
| Seen on oblique view, a defect in the pars interarticularis puts a collar on the scotty dog. | spondylolysis |
| MVA injury where the lap belt immobilizes pelvis and the thorax is forcefully flexed forward. seen on AP as a crack throught the owl's eyes (pedicles), or an open beak (cracked spinous process) | Chance fracture |
| Collapse of anterior vertebral body with intact posterior wall from hyperflexion or osteoporosis | wedge fracture |
| vertebral slipping | spondylolisthesis |
| lateral curvature of the spine | scoliosis |
| classification system used for grading hip fractures | Garden type |
| 90% of hip fractures are in this direction | posterior |
| Occurs at the origin og the sartorius, and is caused by knee flexion and hip hyper-extension. | ASIS avulsion fracture |
| Occurs at the origin of the hamstring, and is caused by vigorous hip flexion with knee extension. | Ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture |
| Occurs in obese adolescent boys. Will cause a limp and hip, thigh or knee pain, loss of IR, flexion and abduction | Slipped capital femoral epiphysis |
| avulsion fragement of the lateral tibial plateau associated with ACL or meniscus tear | Segond fracture |
| Gastrocnemius tendon sesamoid | Fabella |
| Proximal 1/3 fibula fracture associated with medial ankle fracture. | Maisonneuve fracture |
| Tibial tubercle apophysitis common in adolescents | Osgood Schlatter's |
| Holds tibia and fibula together | Syndesmosis |
| indications for getting imaging after ankle injury | Ottawa rules |
| 85% of all ankle sprains are in this direction, and are from a plantar flexion inversion injury. | Lateral |
| Fracture of proximal 5th metatarsal, from an inversion injury | Jones fracture |
| most common fracture of the ankle | distal fibula fracture |
| Usually seen in deconditioned athletes, and is caused by quick plantar flexion | Achilles injury |
| AKA shin splints | medial tibial stress syndrom |
| Calcaneal apophystis, very common in 7-15 year olds | sever's disease |
| pain on plantar aspect of calcaneus, will result in but are not caused by heel spurs | Plantar fasciitis |
| disruption of tarsometatarsal joint | Lisfranc fracture |
| Perineural fibrosis of digital nerve between 3rd and 4th web space, caused by walking on hard surfaces or wearing tight shoes. | Morton's neuroma |
| Urate crystals in 1st MTP joint | Gout |
| flat foot | Pes planus |
| first mtp joint sprain from excessive force of dorsiflexion or plantarflexion | turf toe |
| Childhood fracture in which the physis is widened. Growth disturbances are uncommon. | Salter Harris I |
| Childhood fracture that involves the metaphysis as well as the physis. Rarely results in functional deficits. The most common type. | Salter Harris II |
| Childhood fracture that involves both the epiphysis as well as the physis. There is damage to the growth plate but prognosis is relatively favorable. | Salter Harris III |
| Child hood fracture that involves the epiphysis, physis, and metaphysis. Can result in chronic disability. | Salter Harris IV |
| Childhood fracture that is a compression of the physis caused by an axial load. Poor functional prognosis. | Salter Harris V |
| As seen on a lateral radiograph of the cervical spine a widened predental space (greater than 2.5 mm)idicates what type of injury. | Transverse ligament injury or laxity. |
| Can occur from a blow to the top of the head and affects C1. | Jefferson fx |
| Tip of the dens, usually stable | Type I odontoid fracture |
| Base of the dens, most common | Type II odontoid fracture |
| Through C2 body, unstable | Type III odontoid fracture |
| Commonly occur at proximal 2/3 and distal 1/3 of the involved bone. | Clavicle fx |
| When the humeral head slightly overlaps the glenoid in a normal AP radiograph. | Cresent sign |
| AP view of the shoulder shows the humeral head to lie medial to the glenoid and inferior to the coracoid | Anterior shoulder dislocation |
| On an AP radiograph the humeral head is lateral to the glenoid so that there is no overlap. | Posterior shoulder dislocation |
| These are the three cardinal signs for what;joint space narrowing, bony overgrowth at edge of joint, sclerosis along articular surface | Osteoarthritis |
| A focal area of avascular necrosis | Osteochondritis desiccans |
| Most common site of osteochondritis desiccans | Knee |
| Loos body in a joint | Joint mouse |
| Avascular necrosis of the lunate | Kienbock's disease |
| Oblique fracture through the base of the radial styloid | Chauffeur's fracture |
| Buckle fracture with intact periosteum, common in children | Torus fracture |
| Fracture of the thumb metacarpal base from an axial blow or adduction stress to thumb | Bennet's fracure |
| Comminuted Bennet's fracture | Rolando fracure |
| This part of a carpal bone can get fractured from a direct impact of a racquet, baseball, golf club. | Hook of the Hamate |
| Forceful extension of the DIP, patient now unable to flex DIP due to FDP avulsion. | Jersey finger |
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