Question | Answer |
alimentary canal | the digestive tract, the gastrointestinal tract |
antibody | antibodies contained in saliva that act as antibacterial agents |
antrum | the part of the stomach nearest the entrance to the duodenum |
cardia | the area of the stomach between the fundus and its main body |
CHOLECYSTIS | gallbladder |
chyme | name given to the liquefied food entering the duodenum |
colon | the large intestine, divisible into the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons |
deglutition | swallowing |
duodenal | adjective form of duodenum used in the terms naming some digestive system disorders |
duodenum | segment of the small intestine connecting with the stomach |
esophagus | the part of the digestive tract between the pharynx and stomach |
fundus | part of the stomach |
gastirc | adjectival form of stomach |
hepatoid | resembling the liver |
ileum | the longest segment of the small intestine, which leads into the large intestine |
intestine | the small intestine is divisible into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; the large intestine comprises the cecum, colon, rectum, and anus |
jejunum | eight-foot-long segment of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum |
pancreatic | adjective for pancreas |
salivary glands | collectively, the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular salivary glands |
stomach | digestive organ composed of four parts; the fundus, the cardia, the body, and the antrum |
cholecystits | inflammation of the gallbladder |
cholecystopathy | any disease of the gallbladder |
colitis | inflammation of the colon |
colorrhagia | abnormal discharge from the colon |
diabetes mellitus | a chronic metabolic disease characterized by the body's decreased ability to utilize carbohydrates and its enhanced ability to utilize proteins and lipids |
dudenitis | inflammation of the duodenum |
enteralgia | abdominal pain |
enteritis | inflammation of the intestine |
enterodynia | abdominal pain |
enterogastritis | inflammation of the intestine and stomach |
enterohepatitus | inflammation of the intestine and liver |
enteropathy | any intestinal disease |
enterrhagia | bleeding in the intestinal tract |
enterospasm | painful peristalsis |
enterostenosis | narrowing within the intestinal tract |
gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
gastrocele | hernia of the stomach |
gastrocolitits | inflammation of the stomach and colon |
gastroduodenitis | inflammation of the stomach and duodenum |
gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and intestine |
hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
hepatocele | protrusion of a part of the liver through an adjacent structure |
hepatogenic | originating in the liver |
hepatopathy | any disease of the liver |
hepatorrhexis | rupture of the liver |
jejunitis | inflammation of the jejunum |
pancreatalgia | pain in the general area of the pancreas |
pancreaitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
pancreatopathy | any disease of the pancreas |
sialoadenitis | inflammation of the salivary gland |
sialoangiitis | inflammation of a salivary duct |
sialorrhea | excessive production of saliva |
sialostenosis | narrowing of a salivary duct |
colonoscope | device used in colonoscopy |
colonoscopy | visual examination of the colon with a colonoscope |
duodenoscopy | visual examination of the duodenum with the aid of an endoscope |
enteroscope | device for visually examining the intestines |
eneroscopy | visual examination of the intestines |
hepatoscopy | examination of the liver |
sialography | radiography of salivary glands and ducts |
enterology | branch of medical science dealing with the structure and diseases of the intestinal tract |
gastroenterologist | a specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system disorders |
gastroenterology | the specialty concerned with the digestive system |
cholecystectomy | excision of the gallbladder |
cholecystotomy | incision into the gallbladder |
colectomy | excision of all or part of the colon |
colopexy | fixation of the colon |
colostomy | surgical establishment of an opening into the colon |
colotomy | incision into the colon |
duodenectomy | excision of the duodenum |
dudenorrhaphy | suture of the duodenum |
dudenostomy | surgical establishment of an opening in the duodenum |
dudenotomy | incision of the duodenum |
enterectomy | excision of part of the intestine |
enteropexy | surgical fixation of part of the intestine |
enterorrhaphy | suturing of the intestine |
gastrectomy | excision of part of the stomach |
hepatopexy | fixation of the liver |
hepatorrhaphy | suturing of the liver |
jejunectomy | excision of all or part of the jejunum |
jejunoplasty | surgical repair of the jejunum |
jejunotomy | incision into the jejunum |
pancreatotomy | incision into the pancreas |
sialoadenectomy | excision of a salivary gland |
sialoadenotomy | incision of a salivary gland |
cirrhosis | a serious liver condition characterized by diffuse deterioration of hepatic cells |
diverticulitits | inflammation of a diverticulum |
diverticulosis | presence of diseased diverticula in the intestine |
diverticulum | a small pouch or sac leading off the main part of the intestine or bladder |
ileostomy | a surgical opening into the ileum |
peristalsis | involuntary muscular contractions that propel contents forward through the digestive tract |
calculus | a kidney stone |
electrolyte | electricity-conducting compound in solution |
external sphincter | muscle that controls the release of urine from the first section of the urethra for subsequent expulsion |
glomerulus | capillary network found inside each nephron |
hilum | narrow part of the kidney where blood vessels and nerves enter |
internal shincter muscle | muscle that controls the release of urine from the bladder into the first section of the urethra |
kidneys | pair of organs that excrete urine |
micturition | urination |
micturition reflex | reflex that signals the external sphincter to open |
nephron | tiny structure within the kidney in which the urine-production process begins |
perirenal fat | fatty tissue surrounding the renal capsule |
renal capsule | thin inner covering enclosing the kidney |
renal fascia | protective outer covering of the kidney |
urea | natural waste product of metabolism that is excreted in urine |
ureters | two tubes that transfer urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
urethra | tube that conducts urine away from bladder for expulsion |
uric acid | natural waste product of metabolism that is excreted in urine |
urinary bladder | temporary storage receptacle for urine |
urine | water and soluble substances excreted by the kidneys |
cystalgia | pain in a bladder, most often used to signify the urinary bladder |
nephralgia | pain in the kidneys |
nephritis | inflammation of the kidneys |
nephromegaly | enlargement of one or both kidneys; renomegaly |
nephropathy | any disease of the kidney |
renal calculus | a kidney stone |
renal hypoplasia | an underdeveloped kidney |
renomegaly | enlargement of one or both kidneys; nephromegaly |
renopathy | any disease of the kidney; the preferred term is nephropathy |
ureteralgia | pain in a ureter |
ureteritis | inflammation of a ureter |
urethralgia | pain in the urethra |
urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
urethrostenosis | narrowing of the urethra |
ureterography | radiography of the ureter |
urinalysis | analysis of urine |
nephrologist | a medical specialist who diagnoses and treats disorders of the kidneys |
neprology | medical specialty dealing with the kidneys |
urologist | a medical specialist who diagnoses and treats disorders of the urinary system |
urology | the medical specialty dealing with the urinary system |
cystecotmy | excision of either the urinary bladder or the gallbladder; excision of the gallbladder is properly, and most often, called a cholecystectomy; since cyst also means cyst, a cystectomy can also mean "surgical removal of a cyst" |
cystopexy | surgical fixation of either the gallbladder or the urinary bladder; this term is included because it is typical of the dual use of cysto |
nephroectomy | removal of a kidney |
nephrolithotomy | incision into the kidney to remove a calculus |
nephrorrhaphy | suture of the kidney |
nephrotomy | incision into a kidney |
ureterectomy | excision of part or all of a ureter |
ureterolithotomy | incision into the ureter to remove a stone |
ureteroplasty | surgical repair of a ureter |
ureterorrhaphy | suture of a ureter |
urethrectomy | excision of all or part of the urethra |
albuminuria | presence of protein in urine |
anuria | absence of urine formation |
cystocele | hernia of the bladder |
cystoscopy | visual inspection of the bladder by means of a cystoscope |
dialysis | filtration to remove colloidal particles from a fluid |
diuretic | promoting the excretion of urine |
dysuria | difficult or painful urination |
glomerulonephritis | renal disease characterized by inflammation of glomeruli |
glycosuria | urinary excretion of carbohydrates |
hematuria | urinary excretion of blood |
lithotripsy | treatment in which a stone in the kidney, urethra, or bladder is broken up into small particles |
nephrolithiasis | the presence of renal calculi |
nephroureterocystectomy | excision of a kidney, ureter, and at least part of the urinary bladder |
oliguria | diminished urine production |
polyuria | excessive urine production |
pyelography | radiography of the pelvic area; kidney, ureters, and urinary bladder |
pyuria | pus in the urine |
uremia | an excess of urea in the blood |
urinogenous | adjective denoting urine production |
urinometry | test of urine for specific gravity |