Term | Definition |
Progressive Movement | an early-20th-century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to restore economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life. |
Florence Kelley | Advocate for improving lives of women and children. |
Prohibition | the banning of the manufacture, sale, and possession of alcoholic beverages. |
Muckraker | one of the magazine journalists who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life in the early 1900s. |
Scientific Management | the application of scientific principles to increase efficiency in the workplace. |
Robert M. La Follette | Republican that led the way in big business. |
Initiative | a procedure by which a legislative measure can be originated by the people rather than by lawmakers. |
Referendum | a procedure by which a proposed legislative measure can be submitted to a vote of the people. |
Recall | a procedure for removing a public official from office by a vote of the people. |
Seventeenth Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1903, that provides for the election of U.S. senators by the people rather than by state legislatures. |
Upton Sinclair | Mucracking journalist, found bad conditions on the meatpacking industry. Wrote "The Jungle" |
The Jungle | A novel by Upton Sinclair published, in 1906, |
Theodore Roosevelt | President |
Square Deal | President Theodore Roosevelt's program of progressive reform's designed to protect the common people against big businesses. |
Meat Inspection Act | a law, enacted in 1906, that established strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers and created a federal meat-inspection program. |
Pure Food and Drug Act | a law enacted in 1906 to halt the sale of contaminated foods and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling. |
Conservation | the planned management of natural resources, involving the protection of some wilderness areas and the development of others for the common good. |
NAACP | the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People- an organization founded in 1909 to promote full racial equality. |
Gifford Pinchot | head of the U.S. Forest Service. |
William Howard Taft | Secretary of war |
Payne-Aldrich Tariff | a set of tax regulations, enacted by Congress in 1909, that failed to significantly reduce tariffs on manufactured goods. |
Bull Moose Party | a name given to the Progressive Party, formed to support Theodore Roosevelt's candidacy for the presidency in 1912. |
Woodrow Wilson | New Jersey Governor |
Carrie Chapman Catt | NAWSAs president |
Clayton Antitrust Act | a law, enacted in 1914, that made certain monopolistic business practices illegal and protected the rights of labor unions and farm organizations. |
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) | federal agency est. in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices. |
Federal Reserve System | National banking system, est, in 1913 that controls U.S. money supply and credit availability in the country. |
Nineteenth Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920 that gives women the right to vote. |