Question | Answer |
Who were the Asian invaders that ruled Russia from the 13th to the 15th century? | Mongols |
What Russian ruler had her husband killed to take over the throne? | Catherine the Great |
What were the "windows on the west"? Why were they needed? | Warm Water Ports
to trade |
How did Peter the Great attempt to make Russia more powerful? | Tried to get Warm Water Port in the Black Sea
Tried to introduce Westernization
Got one water port from Sweden (later turned into St. Petersburg
introduced reforms from Europe |
1st ruler to assume the title Czar & Autocrat of all Russians. | Ivan the Terrible |
What German ruler converted his country into an important European power? | Frederick the Great |
What culture influenced 10th century Russia? | Eastern Orthodox (European)(Byzantine Empire) |
What branch of Christianity did the Russians adopt? | Eastern Orthodox |
Define "Nihilism". | Belief that nothing is worth while in Russia. All must be destroyed to apply reason in science to build a better society. |
Define "Russification". | Forced conquered nations to adopt Russian culture, language, & religion (Eastern Orthodox) |
What were the social classes in Russia? Describe them. | Czars - Royalty
Clergy - religious leaders
Boyars - land owning nobles
Peasants - poor but weren't slaves
Serfs - enslaved peasants |
What 3 Dynasties ruled Europe during the 15th - 20th centuries? | H.R.E/Spain/Austria - Hapsburgs
Russia - Czars
Prussia/Germany - Hohenzollerns |
Who did the Boyars elect as Czar in 1613? | Michael Romanov |
Where was the Hohenzollern family from in Germany? | Brandenburg (Berlin) |
What term was used to describe the Despots that introduced reforms to their nations? | Enlightened Despots |
What was the period of Russian history called where nobles fought for the control of the throne? | Time of Troubles |
Describe how Catherine the Great expanded Russia's boundaries south & west. | *through wars she extended Russia's boundaries south to Black Sea(WWP)
*took 1/3 of Poland(Prussia & Austria took rest)
*made Russia a European power
*gave Boyars more power
*made serfs & peasants work more (if they revolted they would be killed |
What were the Jewish restricted districts called? | Pale of Settlement |
Jews were victimized through Government violence known as _______. | Pogroms |
Identify 2 achievements & 2 weaknesses of absolute power. (Essay Question) | Achievements:
1. Weakened forces trying to disunite a country
2. Furthered the growth of national states
Weaknesses:
1. Nations Welfare depend on ability of 1 person often who sacrifices people needs for own wants
2. led their countries into costly w |
What is an Autocrat? | a ruler who has absolute power |
Who made the Boyars shave their beards or pay a tax? | Peter the Great |
Who ended Mongol rule in Russia and was a Slavic Grand Duke? | Ivan the Great (III) |
How did Frederick the Great make Prussia a great power? | *Began unification of Germany
*took Silesia (from Maria Theresa) & 1/3 of Poland
*supported literature, music, science, farming, education, equal treatment for all, & religious freedom |
Why was St. Petersburg built? | to give access to Europe. To trade and to get ideas from Europe. |
Match ruling families to the country's they ruled. | Spain/H.R.E./Prussia - Hapsburg
Russia - Romanov
Prussia/Germany - Hohenzollerns |
Who partitioned Poland? | Prussia/Germany (Frederick the Great), Russia, & Austria |
What did enlightened despots do for their countries? | Brought in reforms which gave the people more right's |
What events occurred during the reign of Catherine the Great? | - took Warm Water Port in Black Sea
- took 1/3 of Poland
- agreed to partition Poland
- granted charter of rights to Boyars |
Why did the intellectuals attack the absolute monarchs during the 18th century? Was it justified? Explain (Essay Question) | |
Who were the 1st inhabitants in Russia in the 8th century?
Who were the 2nd in 9th century? | 1st - Slavs
2nd - Norse |
Who ruled before the Time of Troubles? | Ivan the Terrible |
Who was the 1st ruler of Russia to use the name Czar? | Ivan the Great |
Who was the 1st ruler of Russia to use Czar Autocrat of all Russia? | Ivan the Terrible |
Pick a ruler you think is interesting and explain why you think he's interesting? (Essay Question) | |