Question | Answer |
The blood story begins with the bone marrow where all blood cells are formed. The term for this process is? | Hematopoiesis |
First we will discuss the structure and function of RBC's also known as? | Erythrocytes |
These cells are concave in shape primarily because they do not have a? | Nucleus |
The concave shape gives the RBC a great amount of surface area, which allows it to carry a large amount of? | Hemoglobin (in it's cytoplasm.) |
This protein pigment then carries? | oxygen (to all body cells, which is the critical function of this type of cell.) |
The second type of cell formed in the red bone marrow is known as a WBC or? | Leukocytes |
There are 2 main divisions of these cells: | Granulocytes and Agranulocytes |
The categories are determined by whether or not the cytoplasm of the WBC contains granules or not. Granulocytes are further subdivided into? | Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils |
Whereas agranulocytes are only subdivided into two groups: | Lymphocytes and Monocytes. (Lymphocytes are also produced in the lymph nodes, thymus, tonsils, and spleen) |
The general function of leukocytes (lymph tissue) is to fight infection. The term which describes this process is? | Phagocytosis (which means "the condition or process of eating".) |
Sometimes WBC levels rise or? | Leukocytosis (occurs.) |
This is usually a symptom of infection. Certain types of leukocytes provide protection through immunologic activity. The antibody moves through the blood vessel to the area of infection in the tissue. This movement is referred to as? | Diapedesis |
An immune response is the body's ability to phagocytose harmful or foreign material. The harmful invader is called the? | Antigen |
and the defense against antigens provided by the body is called the? | Antibody |
The third type of formed element within the blood is called a thrombocyte or/ | Platelet |
Their chief function is to initiate? | Clotting (when injury occurs.) |
Next we will discuss the liquid portion of the blood, also known as? | Plasma |
It is composed of approximately 92% water and also contains the plasma proteins. It is thin and usually straw colored. What am I? | Plasma |
Several blood tests are available to determine homeostasis or specific blood disorders. Which test gives us the amount of the actual cellular components of the blood and is a test that is commonly performed? | CBC |
What tells us the volume of packed RBCs and is expressed as a percentage of whole blood? | Hematocrit |
This test provides the percentage of the 5 major WBCs present in the blood This is also a test which we commonly perform, especially when infection is suspected. Which test is this? | Differential |
This test tracks the time required for a clot to form in a test tube containing the patient's plasma | Clotting Time |