Term | Definition |
Relation | a pairing of elements of one set with elements of a second set. This is usually expressed as a set of ordered pairs. |
Domain | the set of all abscissas (the first value in the ordered pair) of the ordered pairs. |
Range | the set of all ordinates (the second value in the ordered pair) of the ordered pairs. |
Function | this is a relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly one element in the range. |
Function Notation | The symbol f(x) is read “f of x”. f(x) = y, therefore the ordered pairs of a relation are in the form (x, y) or (x, f(x)). |
Vertical Line Test | If every vertical line drawn on the graph of a relation passes through no more than one point on the graph, then the relation is a function. |
Excluded values | real numbers when substituted in for “x” will give an imaginary number for “y” or be undefined. |
Composition of Functions | Given functions f and g, the composite function f ◦ g can be described by the following equation: [f ◦ g](x) = f(g(x)) |
Iteration | The composition of a function to itself. |
Inverse functions | Two functions f and g are this iff [f ◦ g](x) = [g ◦ f](x) = x. |
Property of Inverse Functions | Suppose f and f1 are this. Then, f(x) = y iff f-1 (y) = x. |
Linear Equation | This has the form Ax + By = C, where A and B are both not zero. The graph is always a line. |
Solution of a Linear Equation | An ordered pair that makes the equation true. Each ordered pair corresponds to a point in the coordinate plane. |
Linear Function | This is defined by f(x) = mx + b, where m and b are real numbers. |
Zeros of the Function f | values of x for which f(x) = 0. (These are the x-intercepts.) |
X-intercept | The point at which a graph crosses the x-axis. In a linear function, this will have coordinates |
Constant Function | A function f is this if f(x) = b. The graph is a horizontal line. This either has no zeros (b ≠ 0)or every value of x is a zero (b = 0). |
Linear Inequality | This has the form Ax + By + C < 0, Ax + By > C, Ax + By > C, or Ax + By < C, where A and
B are both not zero. The graph consists of a boundary and the shading of a region. |
Pythagorean Theorem | In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of each leg equals the square of the hypotenuse. |
Slope-Intercept Form | This form of an equation of a line is y = mx + b. The slope is m and y-intercept is b. |
y-intercept | The point where the graph crosses the y-axis. |
Point-Slope Form | If the point with coordinates (x1, y1) lies on a line having slope m, this form of the equation of the line can be written as follows. |