Term | Definition |
bladder | organ where urine collects before being excreted from body |
bowmans capsule | capsule surrounding glomerulus and serving as collection site for urine |
calices | cup shaped structures in renal pelvis for collection of urine |
cortex | outer portion of kidney |
creatine | substance found in urine; elevated levels may indicate muscular dystrophy |
creatinine | component of creatine |
filtration | process of separating solids from liquid by passing it thru porous substance |
glomerulus | group of capillaries in nephron |
hilum | portion of kidney where blood vessels nerves enter and exit |
kidney | organ forms urine and reabsorbes essential substances back into bloodstream |
meatus | external opening of canal |
medulla | soft central portion of kidney |
nephron | functional unit of kidney |
prostate | gland surrounding urethra in male; active in ejaculation of semen |
reabsorption | process of returning essential elements to blood stream after filtration |
renal pelvis | collecting area for urine in center of kidney |
renin | enzyme produced in kidneys to regulate filtration rate of blood by increasing bp |
retroperitoneal | posterior to peritoneum |
trigone | triangular area at base of bladder thru which ureters enter and urethra exits bladder |
urea | wast product of nitrogen metabolism excreted in normal adult urine |
ureter | one of two tubes that conduct urine from kidney to bladder |
urethra | tube thru which urine is transported from bladder to exterior of body |
uric acid | nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
urinary system | body system forms and excretes urine and helps in reabsorption of essential substances |
urine | fluid excred by urnary system |
calio | calix |
cysto | bladder |
glomerulo | glomerulus |
meato | meatus |
nephro | kidney |
pyelo | renal pelvis |
reno | kidney |
trigono | trigone |
uro | urine |
uretero | ureter |
urethro | urethra |
vesico | bladder |
uria | of urine |
adh | antidiuretic hormone |
a/g | albumin/globulin |
agn | acute glomerulonephritis |
arf | acute renal failure |
bno | bladdr neck obstruction |
bun | blood urea nitrogen |
capd | continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
cath | catheter |
crf | chronic renal failure |
esrd | end stage renal disease |
eswl | extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy |
hd | hemodialysis |
ivp | intravenous pyelogram |
k+ | potassium |
kub | kidney ureter bladder |
na | sodium |
ph | power of hydrogen concentration |
pku | phenylketonuria |
rp | tetrograde pyelogram |
sg | specific gravity |
ua | urinalysis |
uti | urnary tract infection |
vcu vcug | voiding cystourethrogram |
acetone | type of ketone noramlly found in urine in small quantities; found in larger quantities in diabetic urine |
albumin | simple protein; when leaked into urine |
bilirubin | substance produced in liver; elevated levels may indicate liver disease or hepatitis |
casts | materials formed in urine when protein accumulates |
condom catheter | disposable cathere for urinary sample collection |
cystoscope | tubular instrument for examining interior of bladder |
dialysis | method of filttration used when kidneys fail |
extracorporeal shock wave litotripsy | breaking of kidney stones by using shock waves from outside body |
foley catheter | indweeling cathete held in place by balloon that inflates inside bladder |
hemodialysis | dialysis performed by passing blood thru filter outside body and returning filtered blood to body |
indwelling | type of catheter inseted into body |
ketone | substance that results fomr breakdown of fat |
kub | xray of 3 part of urinary system |
peritoneal dialysis | tye of dialyrsis which liquid extracts substances from blood is inserted into peritoneal vacity and later emptied outside body |
ph | measurement of acidity of urine |
phenulketones | substance accumulate in urine in infants |
renogram | radioactive imaging of kidney funtion after introduction of substance that is filtered thru kidney while observed |
retrograde pyelogram | xray of bladder and ureters after contrast medium is injected into bladder |
specific gravity | measurement of concentration of wastes minral and solids in urine |
urinalysis | examination of properties of urine |
voiding cystourethrogram | xray image made after introduction of contrast medium and while urination is taking place |
albyminuria | presence of albumin in urine |
anuria | lack of urine formation |
atresia | abnormal narrowing of urteres |
bladder cancer | malignancy of bladder |
brights disease | inflammation of glomeruli that can result in kidney failure |
cystitis | inflammation of bladder |
cystocele | hernia of bladder |
cystolith | bladder stone |
dysuria | painful urination |
edma | retention of water in cells |
end stage renal disease | last stages of kidney failure |
enuresis | urinary incontinenece |
glomerulonephritis | inflammation of glomeruli of kidneys |
hematuria | blood in urine |
hydronephrosis | abnormal collection of urine in kidneys due to blockage |
incontinence | inability to prevent excretion of urine |
ketonuria | increased urinary excretion of ketones |
kidney failury | loss of kidney function |
nephritis | inflammation of kidneys |
nephrosis | disorder caused by loss of protein in urine |
nephroma | renal tumor |
nephroblastome | wilms tumor; malignant kidney tumor found primarily in youg children |
nocturia | frequent night time urination |
oliguria | scanty urine production |
polysystic kidney disease | condition with many cysts on and within kidneys |
polyuria | excesive urination |
pyelitis | inflammation of renal pelvis |
pyuria | pus in urine |
uremia | excess of urea and nitrogenous wastes in blood |
urinary tract infection | infectino of urinary tract |
cystectomy | surgical removal of bladder |
cystopexy | fixing of bladder to ab wall |
cystoplasty | repair of bladder |
cystorrhaphy | suturing of damage bladder |
intracorporeal electrohydraulic lithotripsy | use of endoscope to break up stones |
lihotomy | removal of bladder stones |
meatotomy | enlargement of meatus |
nephrectomy | removal of kidney |
nephrolithotomy | removal of kidney stone |
nephrolysis | removal of kidney adhesions |
nephropexy | fixing of kidney to ab wall |
nephrostomy | establishment of opening from renal pelvis to outside of body |
pyeloplasty | repair of renal pelvis |
pyelotomy | incision into renal pelvis |
resectoscope | endoscope for removal of lesions |
ureterectomy | removal of ureter |
ureteoplasty | rapair of ureter |
ureterorrhaphy | suturing of uretra |
urology | medical specialty that diagnoses and treats urinary system and male reproductive system |
urostomy | steablishment of opening in ab to exterio of body for release of urine |
urethrostomy | establisment of opeing between urethra and exterior of body |
antispasmodic | pharmacological agent that relieves spasm also decrease urination frequency |
antibiotic | treat infection |