| WORDS TO KNOW |
DEFINITIONS |
| Conservation of energy | The principle that the amount of energy iin any system remains the same, even if the form of the energy changes |
| Conservation of matter | The principle that the amount of matter in any system remains the same, even though it may have gone through physical or chemical change |
| Elastic potential energy | Potential energy that is created by tension in an object such as a stretch rubber band |
| Energy | The ability to do work |
| Gravitational potential energy | Potential energy due to an object's position relative to Earth or some other gravitational field |
| Joule (J) | The unit of energy or work |
| Kinetic energy | Energy of a body in motion; (1/2mv2) |
| Mechanical advantage | The ratio of output force to input force for a simple machine (resistance force/effort force or effort distance/resistance distance) |
| Potential energy | Stored energy because of its position or tension (mgh) |
| Simple machine | Any of the devices that work with one movement; includes the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw |
| Work | The transfer of energy, measured as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance moved by that object in the direction of the force applied; equal to force x distance (f x d) |
| Power | The rate at which work is done (W/t) |
| Efficiency | The amount of work output divided by the work input expressed as a percentage |
| Effort distance | The distance an input force moves in a simple machine |
| Resistance distance | The distance the output force moves the resistance |
| Watt (or kilowatt) | The unit for power |
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