Action to be tested | Muscles | Cord segment | Nerve |
Neck flexion | Sternocleidomastoideus | C1-C4 | cervical spinal accessory |
neck extension, neck rotation, neck lateral bending | trapezius, deep neck muscles | C1-C4 | cervical spinal accessory |
SH shrug, scapula upward rot. | upper trapezius | C1-C4 | spinal accessory |
SH. horizontal adduction | pectoralis major and minor | C5-C8, T1 | medial/lateral pectoral |
scapular downward rotation | pectoralis minor | C8-T1 | medial pectoral |
SH protraction, scapular upward rotation | serratus anterior | C5-C7 | long thoracic |
scapular elevation, downward rotation | levator scapula (together with lower trapezius) | C5 | dorsal scapular |
scapular elevation, adduction and downward rotation | rhomboids | C4-C5 | dorsal scapular |
SH abduction | supraspinatus | C4-C6 | suprascapular |
SH lat. rotation | infraspinatus | C4-C6 | suprascapular |
SH medial rotation, adduction | latissimus dorsi,teres major, subscapularis | C5-C8 | subscapular, thoracodorsal |
SH abduction, flexion, extension | deltoid | C5-C6 | axillary |
SH lateral rotation | teres minor | C4-C5 | axillary |
elbow flexion, forearm supination | biceps brachii | C5-C6 | musculucutaneous |
SH flexion, adduction | coracobrachialis | C6-C7 | musculucutaneous |
elbow flexion | brachialis | C5-C6 | musculucutaneous |
4th&5th DIP flexion | flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar part) | C5-T1 | ulnar |
wrist ulnar flexion | flexor carpi ulnaris | C7-T1 | ulnar |
thumb adduction | adductor pollicis | C8-T1 | ulnar |
5th digit abduction | abductor digiti quinti | C8-T1 | ulnar |
5th digit opposition | opponens digiti quinti | C7-T1 | ulnar |
5th digit MCP flexion | flexor digiti quinti brevis | C7-T1 | ulnar |
2nd to 5th digit MCP flexion, adduction, abduction | interossei | C8-T1 | ulnar |
forearm pronation | pronator teres, pronator quadratus | C6-C7 | median |
wrist radial flexion | flexor carpi radialis | C6-C7 | median |
wrist flexion | palmaris longus | C7-T1 | median |
2nd to 5th digit PIP flexion | flexor digitorum sublimis | C7-T1 | median |
thumb IP flexion | flexor pollicis longus | C7-T1 | median |
2nd-3rd digit DIP flexion | flexor digitorum profundus(radial part) | C7-T1 | median |
thumb abduction | abductor pollicis brevis | C6-T1 | median |
thumb MCP flexion | flexor pollicis brevis | C6-T1 | median |
thumb opposition | opponens pollicis | C8-T1 | median |
2nd-5th digit MCP flexion, IP extension | lumbricals | C8-T1 | median |
elbow flexion (and pronation) | brachioradialis | C5-C6 | radial |
elbow extension | triceps brachii, anconeus | C6-C8 | radial |
wrist radial extension | extensor carpi radialis | C6-C8 | radial |
2nd-5th digit MCP, IP extension | extensor digitorum communis, extensor digiti quinti proprius | C6-C8 | radial |
wrist ulnar extension | extensor carpi ulnaris | C6-C8 | radial |
forearm supination | supinator | C5-C6 | radial |
thumb MCP abduction | abductor pollicis longus | C7-C8 | radial |
thumb extension | extensor pollicis longus/brevis | C6-C8 | radial |
2nd digit extension | extensor indicis proprius | C6-C8 | radial |