Question | Answer |
latitude | distance north or south of the equator |
longitude | distance east or west of the prime meridian |
prehistory | period of time before writing was invented |
archeology | study of the lives of early people through examination of their remains |
technology | tools and skills people used to meet their basic needs |
artifact | object made by a human being |
historian | person who studies how people lived in the past through written records |
geography | study of the people their enviroments and their recources |
equator | an invisible line that separates the Northern and southern hemisphere |
prime meridian | line that separates the eastern and western hemispheres |
nomad | person who moves from place to placein search of food |
pharaoh | titles of rulers in ancient egypt |
tyrant | in ancient Greece, a ruler who gained power by force |
artisan | skilled craftsworker |
scribe | in ancient civilizations, specially trained person who knew how to read and write |
Democracy | government in which the people hold ruling power |
Direct Democracy | system of government in which citizens participate directly rather then through elected representatives |
Bureacracy | system of managing government through departments run by appointed officials |
Feudalism | closely organized system of government in which local lords own the land and the people work it |
Patriarchy | the highest church official in a major city |
Oligarchy | system of government in which ruling power belongs to business class |
dynasty | ruling family in China |
hierarchy | government with a system of ranks |
aristocracy | government headed by a priviledged minority or upper class |
Code of Hammurabi | a code of harsh laws set down by Hammurabi |
The Ten Commandments | a christian code of guidelines |
Bhagavad-Gita | a story from India about detaching yourself from personal desire |
Four Noble Truths | -life has suffering,pain and sorrow-cause is materialistic things-overcome desire-follow eightfold path |
monarchy | government in which a king or queen holds ruling power |
Polis | city-state in ancient Greece |
Acropolis | hilltop fortress of an ancient Greek city state |
city-state | political unit made up of a city and the surrounding land |
empire | groups of states or territories controlled by one ruler |
ziggurat | pyramid temple dedicated to the cheif god or goddess of an ancient Sumarian city-state |
rajah | elected chief of an Ayran tribe in Ancient India |
dharma | in Hinduisim individuals religiousand moral duties |
shiva | Hindu god the destroyer |
caste | unchangable social group into which a person is born |
brahman | Aryan belief-the single spiritual power that resides in all things |
Dynastic cycle | rise and fallof Chinese dynasties accordingto the Mandate of Heaven |
Mummification | practice of preservingthe bodies of the dead |
reincarnation | in Hinduism, belief in the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form |
Circus Maximus | Rome's largest racecourse where chariots raced |
breads and circuses | a program where grain and circuses made up for government taxes |
nirvana | in Buddism, union with the universe and release from rebirth |
karma | in Hindu belief all the actions that affect a person's next life |
yin & yang | a balance of two forces - one light , one dark |
covenant | binding agreement |
subcontinent | a large landmass that juts out from a continent |
monsoon | seasonal wind |
glacier | thick sheet of ice that covers part of the earths surface during the ice age |
Hellenistic Culture | Elaborate art and schools of philosophy |
strait | narrow water passage connecting two bodies of water |
cultural diffusion | the spread of ideas customs, and technologies from one people to another |
New/Neolithic Age | the period of time when nomads settled down |
Old/Paleolithic Stone age | the time period where people were nomads |
sanscrit | language of writing developed by the Indians |
legislature | lawmaking body |
senate | a group of senators who represent the people |
Hierogyphics | Form of picture writings that was developed by the ancient Egyptians |
cuneiform | wedged shaped writing of the Sumarians |
Alphabet | letters developed by the Phoenicians |
Monotheism | belief in only one god |
Polytheism | belief in two or more gods |
Skara Brae | 5,000 year old village (neolithic age) |
Knossos | a city in Crete |
Sumarians | first civilization on the fertile cresent |
Phoenicians | the first civilization to invent the alphabet |
Hitties | first to use ironmaking |
Babylonians | They pushed the fontiers of learning through Neb. |
Parthenon | most famous temple in Greece |
Minoans | Small civilization on Crete |
Myceneans | First civilization in Greece |
Lydians | They made the coin |
Mohammad | Founder of the Islamic Religion |
Abraham | The founder of the Christian Religion |
Confucius | influential philosopher in China |
Zeus | the most powerful Greek God |
Dorians | conquered Greece |
Aristotle | Greek philosopher who taught Plato - studied best government |
Plato | emphasized importance of reason and divided society into 3 classes |
Hippocrates | a scientist who started the study of medicine |
Pythagoras | Mathematian who invented the Pythagory Theorm |
King Philip | conquered Greece single handedly |
Alexander the Great | a great conquerer in Greece and invented the Hellenistic |
Pericles | a ruler in Greece who brought an artistic age |
Hammurabi | a strict ruler who published a code of laws |
Archimedes | the most famous Hellenistic scientist who made practical inventions |
Homer | Blind poet credited with writing the Illiad and the Odessey |
Salon | informal gathering where writers artists philosophers exange ideas |
Trojan War | a war between Greece and Troy |
Peloponnesian War | a war between Athens & the allies Sparta and Persia |
Persian War | a war between Athens & Persia |
Punic War | a series of 3 wars between Rome & Carthage |
Buddism | a religion based on trying to find enlightenment |
Christianity | a monotheistic, religion who believes in eternal life |
Judaism | a monotheistic, religion that is like christianty but only believes in the first testament |
Hinduism | polytheistic religion, center of teachings non-violence |
Islam | they believed in the 5 pillers |
Daoism | a religion that focuses on harmony with nature |