Question | Answer |
ankyl/o- | crooked, bent, stiff |
arthr/o- | joint |
chondr/o- | cartilage |
cost/o- | rib |
crani/o- | skull |
kyph/o- | bent, hump |
lord/o- | curve, swayback bent |
myel/o- | spinal cord, bone marrow |
oss/e- | bone |
oss/i- | bone |
osto/o- | bone |
oste/o- | bone |
scoli/o- | curved, bent |
spondyl/o- | vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone |
synovi/o- | synovial membrane, synovial fluid |
synov/o- | synovial membrane, synovial fluid |
sub- | under, less, below |
meta- | change, beyong, subsequent to, behind, after or next |
-um | singular noun ending |
-lysis | breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening |
-desis | surgical fixation of bone or joint, to bind, tie together |
acetabulum | hip socket; the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint |
allogenic | originating with another |
ankylosing spondylitis | a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae |
arthrodesis | also known as surgical anklyosis, is the surgical fusion (joining together) or two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder |
arthrolysis | the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint |
arthroscopy | the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint |
autologous | originating within an individual |
chondroma | a slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells |
chondromalacia | the abnormal softening of cartilage |
comminuted fracture | one in which the bone is splintered or crushed |
compression fracture | occurs when the bone is pressed together (compressed) on itself |
costochondritis | an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum |
craniostenosis | a malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures |
crepitation | the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together |
dual x-ray absorptiometry | a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density |
fibrous dysplasia | a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue |
hallux valgus | an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (bunion) |
hemarthrosis | blood within a joint |
hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood cells |
internal fixation | a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place |
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | an autoimmune disorder that affects children aged 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue |
kyphosis | an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side (humpback) |
laminectomy | the surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra |
lordosis | an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine (swayback) |
lumbago | pain of the lumbar region of the spine |
malleolus | the rounded bony protuberance on each side of the ankle |
manubrium | the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum |
metacarpals | the 5 bones that form the palms of the hand |
metatarsals | form the part of the foot to which the toes are attached |
open fracture | one in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin |
orthopedic surgion | a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles |
orthotic | a mechanical applicance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function |
osteitis | an inflammation of bone |
osteoarthritis | most commonly associated with aging (wear-and-tear arthritis) |
osteochondroma | a benign bony projection covered with cartilage |
osteoclasis | the surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity |
osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bones in adults |
osteomyelitis | an inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone |
osteonecrosis | the death of bone tissue due to a lack of sufficient blood supply |
osteopenia | thinner than average bone density in a young person |
osteoporosis | a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging |
osteoporotic hip fracture | usually caused by a weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as the result of a fall |
osteorrhaphy | the surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones |
Paget's disease | a bone disease of unknown cause characterized by the excessive breakdown of bone tissue, followed by abnormal bone formation |
pathologic fracture | occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain |
percutaneous vertebroplasty | performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures |
periostitis | an inflammation of the periosteum |
poditrist | holds a Doctor of Podiatry or Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree and specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot |
prosthesis | a substitute for a diseased or missing body part, such as a leg that has been amputated |
rheumatoid arthritis | a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked |
rickets | a deficiency disease occurring in children |
scoliosis | an abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine |
spina bifida | a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it |
spiral fracture | a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart |
spondylolisthesis | the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it |
spondylosis | a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function |
subluxation | the partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
synovectomy | the surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint |
vertebrae | the bony structure units of the spinal column (26) |